Passage 3 Federal efforts to aid minority businesses began in the 1960’s when the Small Business Administration (SBA) began making federally guaranteed loans and govern- ment-sponsored management and technical assistance (5) available to minority business enterprises. While this program enabled many minority entrepreneurs to form new businesses, the results were disappointing, since managerial inexperience, unfavorable locations, and capital shortages led to high failure rates. Even 15 (10) years after the program was implemented, minority business receipts were not quite two percent of the national economy’s total receipts. Recently federal policymakers have adopted an approach intended to accelerate development of the (15) minority business sector by moving away from directly aiding small minority enterprises and toward supporting larger, growth-oriented minority firms through interme- diary companies. In this approach, large corporations participate in the development of successful and stable (20) minority businesses by making use of government- sponsored venture capital. The capital is used by a participating company to establish a Minority Enterprise Small Business Investment Company or MESBIC. The MESBIC then provides capital and guidance to minority (25) businesses that have potential to become future suppliers or customers of the sponsoring company. MESBIC’s are the result of the belief that providing established firms with easier access to relevant manage- ment techniques and more job-specific experience, as (30) well as substantial amounts of capital, gives those firms a greater opportunity to develop sound business founda- tions than does simply making general management experience and small amounts of capital available. Further, since potential markets for the minority busi- (35) nesses already exist through the sponsoring companies, the minority businesses face considerably less risk in terms of location and market fluctuation. Following early financial and operating problems, sponsoring corporations began to capitalize MESBIC’s far above (40) the legal minimum of $500,000 in order to generate sufficient income and to sustain the quality of manage- ment needed. MESBIC’c are now emerging as increas- ingly important financing sources for minority enter- prises. (45) Ironically, MESBIC staffs, which usually consist of Hispanic and Black professionals, tend to approach investments in minority firms more pragmatically than do many MESBIC directors, who are usually senior managers from sponsoring corporations. The latter (50) often still think mainly in terms of the “social responsi- bility approach” and thus seem to prefer deals that are riskier and less attractive than normal investment criteria would warrant. Such differences in viewpoint have pro- duced uneasiness among many minority staff members, (55) who feel that minority entrepreneurs and businesses should be judged by established business considerations. These staff members believe their point of view is closer to the original philosophy of MESBIC’s and they are concerned that, unless a more prudent course is fol- lowed, MESBIC directors may revert to policies likely to re-create the disappointing results of the original SBA approach. OG阅读16 C中the anticipated failure rate 和 the rate actally resulted 是什么意思阿? C是不是这个意思： 预期的失败率对于接受的商家来说要大大的低于实际的失败率。 在文中的line 9 中的led to high failure rates 就能体现么？它只说了导致高的失败率，并没有提到过什么预期和实际的比率阿。 按照推理题的做法，这是不是算出现新概念了呢？ 谢谢。
c是从文中推断出来的。仔细看og的解释，搂主会发现文中说：the results were disappointing, since managerial inexperience, unfavorable locations,and capital shortages led to high failure rates.那就是说high failure rate是失败的一个标志，可以推断预期的失败率没有这么高。
我的理解是这篇是新旧观点对照的经济类文章，第一段是旧的观点（方法），第二段是新的观点（方法），第三段是对新观点的好处的解释以及跟旧观点的比较，那么最后一段提到MESBIC的员工和director的看法对支持作者观点方面有什么作用吗？如果说要证明M更容易成功，那么第三段已经说了几个方面（例如greater opportunity, less risk之类的），而第四段中出现员工与director的difference points不是反而削弱作者的观点，证明M是否好用很难说么？
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发表于 2005-8-9 15:20:00
