PREP

According to a review of 61 studies of patients suffering from severely debilitating depression, a large majority of the patients reported that missing a night's sleep immediately lifted their depression.  Yet sleep-deprivation is not used to treat depression even though the conventional treatments, which use drugs and electric shocks, often have serious side effects.

Which of the following, if true, best explains the fact that sleep-deprivation is not used as a treatment for depression?

(A) For a small percentage of depressed patients, missing a night's sleep induces a temporary sense of euphoria.

(B) Keeping depressed patients awake is more difficult than keeping awake people who are not depressed.

(C) Prolonged loss of sleep can lead to temporary impairment of judgment comparable to that induced by consuming several ounces of alcohol.

(D) The dramatic shifts in mood connected with sleep and wakefulness have not been traced to particular changes in brain chemistry.

(E) Depression returns in full force as soon as the patient sleeps for even a few minutes.

答案是E.可不可以帮忙解释一下

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the claim above about the manufacturers' profit?

(A) The amount of discount generally offered by manufacturers to retailers is carefully calculated to represent the minimum needed to draw consumers' attention to the product.

(B) For many consumer products the period of advertising discounted prices to consumers is about a week, not sufficiently long for consumers to become used to the sale price.

(C) For products that are not newly introduced, the purpose of such promotions is to keep the products in the minds of consumers and to attract consumers who are currently using competing products.

(D) During such a promotion retailers tend to accumulate in their warehouses inventory bought at discount; they then sell much of it later at their regular price.

(E) If a manufacturer fails to offer such promotions but its competitor offers them, that competitor will tend to attract consumers away from the manufacturer's product.

答案是D.

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Capuchin monkeys in Venezuela often rub a certain type of millipede into their fur.  Secretions of these millipedes have been shown to contain two chemicals that are potent mosquito repellents, and mosquitoes carry parasites that debilitate the capuchins.  The rubbing behavior is rare except during the rainy season, when mosquito populations are at their peak.  Therefore, the monkeys probably rub the millipedes into their fur because doing so helps protect them against mosquitoes.

Which of the following would it be most useful to determine in order to evaluate the argument?

(A) Whether the two chemicals provide any protection for the millipedes against their own predators

(B) Whether the type of millipede used by the capuchin monkeys in Venezuela is found in other parts of the world

(C) Whether animals other than capuchins rub insects of any kind into their fur

(D) Whether the only time the millipedes are readily available to the capuchins is during the rainy season

(E) Whether secretions of any other insects accessible to the capuchins contain chemicals that repel mosquitoes

答案是D.麻烦可不可以帮忙结实一下为什么,EVALUATE的题目怎么做

38.
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Which of the following most logically completes the argument below?

When interest rates are high, insurance companies reduce the premiums they charge for many kinds of insurance policies.  The reason is that insurance companies want to take in as much money as possible in premiums so that they can invest the money at high rates of interest.  And premium reductions help achieve this objective, since __________.

(A) interest rates are likely to decrease when large amounts of money are available for loans

(B) smaller insurance companies are not able to amass enough money to take advantage of investing at high interest rates

(C) insurance companies can sell many more insurance policies if they charge lower premiums than they would if they left premiums unchanged

(D) an increase in the number of policies sold eventually leads to an increase in the number of claims that an insurance company has to pay

(E) the number of claims that insurance companies pay increases at a higher rate than does the number of policies that the insurance companies can sell at the lower premiums

可不可以帮忙翻译一下