Answer for GWD-25-Q36 & TTGWD27-22

GWD-25-Q36  The chemical adenosine is released by brain cells when those cells are active.Adenosine then binds to more and more sites on cells in certain areas of thebrain, as the total amount released gradually increases during wakefulness. During sleep, the number of sites to which adenosine is bound decreases. Some researchers have hypothesized that it is the cumulative binding of adenosine to a large number of sites that causes the onset of sleep.

Which of the following, if true, provides the most support for the researchers’ hypothesis?
A.     Even after long periods of sleep when adenosine is at its lowest concen-tration in the brain, the number of brain cells bound with adenosine remains very large.
B.     Caffeine, which has the effect of making people remain wakeful, is known tointerfere with the binding of adenosine to sites on brain cells.
C.     Besides binding to sites in the brain, adenosine is known to be involved inbiochemical reactions throughout the body.
D.    Some areas of the brain that are relatively inactive nonetheless releasesome adenosine.
E.     Stress resulting from a dangerous situation can preserve wakefulness evenwhen brain levels of bound adenosine are high.

 TTGWD27-22。
        

In response to mounting pubic concern, an airplane manufacturer implemented a program with the well-publicized goal of reducing by half the total yearly amount of hazardous waste generated by its passenger-jet division.  When the program began in 1994, the division’s hazardous waste output was 90 pounds per production worker; last year it was 40 pounds per production worker. Clearly, therefore, charges that the manufacturer’s program has not met its goal are false.

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. The amount of nonhazardous waste generated each year by the passenger-jet division has not increased significantly since 1994.
B. At least as many passenger jets were produced by the division last year as had been produced in 1994.
C. Since 1994, other divisions in the company have achieved reductions in hazardous waste output that are at least equal to that achieved in the passenger-jet division.
D. The average number of weekly hours per production worker in the passenger-jet division was not significantly greater last year than it was in 1994.
E. The number of production workers assigned to the passenger-jet division was not significantly less in 1994 than it was last year.

請問各位能提供此兩題的答案嗎?   感謝~~

我记得第一题答案是B，第二题没做过，但觉得E比较合理。第一题好难呢，不看答案真不知道该选哪个呢。

我的逻辑过程不一定正确，但是和大家交流一下，有问题请指正。

第一题：大脑细胞分泌激素adenosine，这些激素在白天人清醒的时候是逐渐增加的，而且量越大，激素和大脑某些细胞群的结合点越多。人进入睡眠后，结合点的数量就开始逐渐减少。有些研究人员就推出结论：激素与细胞群结合点的积聚，是催人入睡的原因。（真难翻译啊，不过理解起来也不难，想想概率论中那个正态分布曲线，就知道啥意思了。结论就在两个关键词组上the cumulative binding和the onset of sleep，前因后果，有个临界点（最高值）。问题是找一个支持结论的选项。A显然不对，C和E扯到大脑之外了，离题，无关，D没跑远，但说到另一事实，排除，剩下B，仔细捉摸吧。谈到binding了吧，没谈sleep，不过谈到wakeful(not sleep)了。恩差不多了，都零点了，没咖啡，睡意来临，改天再来吧：）

同意分析。

但是我觉得这道题很显恶，因为题干中The chemical adenosine is released by brain cells when those cells are active. Adenosine then binds to more and more sites on cells in certain areas of the brain, as the total amount released gradually increases during wakefulness. During sleep, the number of sites to which adenosine is bound decreases. 绕了半天实际上对解题没有帮助，反而把人绕糊涂了。其实只要知道adenosine可以binds to sites on cells就可以了，大家觉得是这样吗？

我只是想弄清楚前面两句的内容是GMAC用来迷惑人的还是真的是解题所必需的信息？

第一道,是个怎么支持  A cause B 的问题.

支持方法:如(B): C cause B非 , C 与 A 不相容(interfere with) .

A=adenonine,binding, B=sleep, B 非＝wakeful, C=coffeine .