GWD-29-Q38和GWD-29-Q40

In the past, every ten-percentage-point increase in cigarette prices in the country of Coponia has decreased per capita sales of cigarettes by four percent.  Coponia is about to raise taxes on cigarettes by 9 cents per pack.  The average price of cigarettes in Coponia is and has been for more than a year 90 cents per pack.  So the tax hike stands an excellent chance of reducing per capita sales of cigarettes by four percent.

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

1. Tobacco companies are unlikely to reduce their profit per pack of cigarettes to avoid an increase in the cost per pack to consumers in Coponia.
2. Previous increases in cigarette prices in Coponia have generally been due to increases in taxes on cigarettes.
3. Any decrease in per capita sales of cigarettes in Coponia will result mainly from an increase in the number of people who quit smoking entirely.
4. At present, the price of a pack of cigarettes in Coponia includes taxes that amount to less than ten percent of the total selling price.
5. The number of people in Coponia who smoke cigarettes has remained relatively constant for the past several years.

Which of the following, if discovered to be true, would most seriously weaken the support for the researchers’ prediction?

1. After being administered to mice, naltrexone does not pass from the bloodstream into the intestine.
2. Naltrexone inhibits morphine from triggering the migration of intestinal bacteria into the bloodstream.
3. Mice that have been given naltrexone but not morphine have no greater risk of developing blood poisoning than do mice that have not been given either substance.
4. The increased risk of blood poisoning is not the only harmful effect on mice of being given morphine.
5. Conditions other than the presence of intestinal bacteria in the bloodstream can cause blood poisoning in mice.

有份答案上面两道题都选E，应该明显不对吧？

1 我选E 因为说得是prices的10%的提高导致该地区人均销售减少4%.现在要在每包平均价格是90分的情况下,tax涨9分每包.也就是tax的升高导致price 上升10%. 那么 E 在吸烟人数不变的情况下会出现人均销售减少4%.

A 我一开始选的A  我理解A说 制造商不会因为cost的上升而减少profit.而profit+cost=price.那就是说price 要上升.这个选项重点是退出price要上升的,所以没有E明显.

B Previous ...觉得无关.

C 说 人均销量的降低因为抽烟的人少了 我觉得weaken的感觉.

D 说 现在香烟的价格包括小于香烟价格10%的tax,我觉得也是weaken.

2 我也选E

因为E最明显.说 mice得这种 blood poisoning 是因为Conditions.直接削弱naltrexone 得原因

第一个我有点赞同你的意见，主要强调人均的概念，第二个呢，我觉得B更有力一点，并且文章一开头就说了吃了吗啡的老鼠之所以容易出现血液中毒就是因为肠道细菌在吗啡的的作用下进入了血液，E选项不是明显和文章前提有冲突么？你认为呢？

欢迎大家讨论。

2 我觉得B和E 都有weaken

B 是基于前提的它因

E 是反对前提,这个反对前提有时候也是答案.

我现在也觉得B比E好.

对于第一题目前还有点疑惑：E选项说的是吸烟人群在过去几年都保持稳定，但是题目题干说的不是对未来情况的预计么？那E选项对题目论点的支持性不是受到了很大的削弱么？

请大家发表意见，谢谢。

第一题选A啊，讨论过的

意思就是公司为了吸引顾客，不使价格上涨，把税的上涨自己承担了

而题中已经把人数上涨考虑进去了的，因为它用的是价格上涨-->平均使用人数上涨

the first is A, the second is B