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[求助] Last-1-4-22&23
刚开始Last, 这两道题应该属于同一类型，很没有感觉，请帮忙具体分析分析解这种题的思路？谢谢!
test 1-sec iv-22 & 23
22. it is illogical to infer a second and different effect from a cause which is known only by one particular effect. this is incorrect because the inferred effect must necessarily be produced by some different characteristic of the cause than is the observed effect, which already serves entirely to describe the cause.
which one of the following arguments makes the same logical error as the one described by the author in the passage?
(a) an anonymous donor gave a thousand dollars to our historical society. i would guess that that individual also volunteers at the children’s hospital.
(b) the radioactive material caused a genetic mutation, which, in turn, caused the birth defect. therefore, the radioactive material caused the birth defect.
(c) the tiny, unseen atom is the source of immense power. it must be its highly complex structure that produces this power.
(d) the city orchestra received more funds from the local government this year than ever before. clearly this administration is more civic-minded than previous ones.
(e) if i heat water, which is a liquid, it evaporates. if i heat hundreds of other liquids like water, they evaporate. therefore, if i heat any liquid like water, it will evaporate.
23. just as a bicycle chain may be too tight, so may one’s carefulness and conscientiousness be so tense as to hinder the running of one’s mind.
which one of the following most closely parallels the reasoning used in the argument above?
(a) just as a clock may be wound too tightly, so may one’s time be spent fruitlessly in the pursuit of perfection.
(b) just as a carousel may spin too quickly, so may one’s rapid concentration on several problems prevent a resolution of difficulties.
(c) just as a machine may be oiled too much, so may one’s heavy drinking of alcoholic beverages lead to complete dissipation.
(d) just as a raging river may be frozen into stillness during the winter, so may one’s career falter at certain times of the year.
(e) just as a boxer may become too tense before a big fight, so may one’s personal concerns stand in the way of professional success.
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发表于 2003-11-17 05:41:00
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