药物销量题-争议

10. Advertisement: For sinus pain, three out of four hospitals give their patients Novex. So when you want the most effective painkiller for sinus pain, Novex is the one to choose.

(因果解释结构/削弱方向：异因同果)

Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the advertisement's argument?

(A) Some competing brands of painkillers are intended to reduce other kinds of pain in addition to sinus pain.

(B) Many hospitals that do not usually use Novex will do so for those patients who cannot tolerate the drug the hospitals usually use.

(C) Many drug manufacturers increase sales of their products to hospitals by selling these products to the hospitals at the lowest price the manufacturers can afford.

(D) Unlike some competing brands of painkillers, Novex is available from pharmacies without a doctor's prescription.

(E) In clinical trials Novex has been found to be more effective than competing brands of painkillers that have been on the market longer than Novex.

Argument Evaluation

Situation An advertisement claims that Novex is the most effective painkiller for sinus pain since

three out of four hospitals use it for patients.

Reasoning What point undermines the advertisement's claim?

The argument for Novex's effectiveness as a painkiller is based upon the hospitals' usage. Consider what might be driving the hospitals' choice of medications to administer. Three out of four hospitals might be giving their patients Novex not because it is the most effective painkiller for sinus pain, but because it is inexpensive. If this is the case, the argument is seriously undermined.

A Other kinds of pain are irrelevant to the argument since the claim is only about sinus pain.

B This point does not undermine the advertisement's claim.

C Correct. This statement properly identifies a factor that could well undermine the advertisement's claim the hospitals may be using this medication because it is the most cost effective for them.

D Novex's nonprescription formula is not relevant to the claim.

E This point strengthens, rather than weakens, the claim.

医院给病人吃的多并不代表就更有效。影响医生的决策还有其他因素，比如说C,价格便宜。其他都不直接相关.

不好意思，昨天太赶了，帖子没有发表完。

狒狒选的答案是D。他是这样解释D的：由于N是非处方药，所以病人纷纷地要求医生开具，因为购买比较方便。

我觉得狒狒的解释有问题。首先，题目用的是unlike some...

我们无法退出大多数竞争药品是不是也是非处方药。显然不如第三个选项的很多制药商的来得好。其次，白痴原则，我不知道非处方药比处方药容易购买阿！

所以，是不是狒狒的解释是错的？

Does anybody stick to FF/XDF?

原文说因为这种药有效才会有这么多人吃  而C说是因为便宜 

以下是引用shiguang在2007-5-2 14:33:00的发言：

原文说因为这种药有效才会有这么多人吃  而C说是因为便宜 

不赞成这种说法.

原文逻辑/Status: Many hospitals use this N => Effective

现在有3/4医院使用N治疗sinus pain，所以如果你在找最有效的药，你就找N吧。

文章认为N是治疗sinus pain的最有效的药，并且有一个evidence支持，即3/4医院使用N治疗sinus pain

但是问题在于这3/4医院使用N治疗sinus pain是因为别的原因：便宜。

所以如果认为N是最有效的药，最好不要用“3/4医院使用N治疗sinus pain"这条来支持，因为这个支持本身并不足以支持结论。