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In the 1930’s and 1940’s,
African American industrial
workers in the southern United
Line States, who constituted 80 per-
(5) cent of the unskilled factory labor
force there, strongly supported
unionization. While the American
Federation of Labor (AFL) either
excluded African Americans or
(10) maintained racially segregated
unions, the Congress of Industrial
Organizations (CIO) organized
integrated unions nationwide on the
basis of a stated policy of equal
(15) rights for all, and African American
unionists provided the CIO’s backbone.
Yet it can be argued that
through contracts negotiated and
enforced by White union mem-
(20) bers, unions—CIO unions not
excluded—were often instrumental
in maintaining the occupational
segregation and other forms of
racial discrimination that kept
(25) African Americans socially and
economically oppressed during
this period. However, recognizing
employers’ power over workers
as a central factor in African
(30) Americans’ economic marginal
ization, African American workers
saw the need to join with White
workers in seeking change despite
White unionists’ toleration of or
(35) support for racial discrimination.
The persistent efforts of African
American unionists eventually paid
off: many became highly effective
organizers, gaining the respect of
(40) even racist White unionists by winning
victories for White as well as
African American workers. African
American unionists thus succeeded
in strengthening the unions while
(45) using them as instruments of
African Americans’ economic
empowerment.
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Q1: (9-21)
The passage is primarily concerned with
A. demonstrating that unions failed to address the concerns of African American
workers during a particular period
B. arguing that African American workers’ participation in unions during a particular
period was ultimately beneficial to them
C. contrasting the treatment of African American workers by two different labor
organizations during a particular period
D. giving reasons for the success of African American unionists in winning victories
for both African American and White workers during a particular period
E. questioning one explanation for the attitudes of African American workers toward
unionization during a particular period
Answer:B
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Q22:
According to the passage, which of the following was true of many racist White unionists
during the period discussed in the passage?
A. Their attitudes toward African American union organizers changed once they
recognized that the activities of these organizers were serving workers’ interests.
B. They were a powerful element in the southern labor movement because they
constituted the majority of the unskilled factory labor force in the southern United
States.
C. They persisted in opposing the CIO’s adoption of a stated policy of equal rights
for all.
D. Their primary goal was to strengthen the negotiating power of the unions through
increasing White union membership.
E. Their advocacy of racial discrimination hampered unions in their efforts to gain
more power for workers.
Answer:A
I choose E,I think A will be correct if
A. Their attitudes toward African American union organizers changed once they
recognized that the activities of these organizers were also serving white workers' interests.
E is not a perfect choice but it can be inferred from the passage.(coz we are told blacks' effort gave more power to the entire union and benefited all)
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Q23:
The author of the passage suggests which of the following about African American
workers who participated in union activities in the 1930’s and 1940’s?
A. They believed that the elimination of discrimination within unions was a
necessary first step toward the achievement of economic advancement for African
Americans.
B. They belonged exclusively to CIO unions because they were excluded from AFL
unions.
C. They believed that the economic advancement of African American workers
depended on organized efforts to empower all workers.
D. Some of them advocated the organization of separate African American unions
because of discriminatory practices in the AFL and the CIO.
E. Many of them did not believe that White unionists in CIO unions would tolerate
or support racial discrimination against African American workers.
Answer:C
choice C metioned economic advancment,and the only site in the passage discussing the economic advancment of AA worker is "However, recognizing
employers’ power over workers
as a central factor in African Americans’ economic marginal
ization, "
the sentence told us in order to get economic advancement ,AA worker should gain more power to influence the employers' (that's why they joined CIO)and i think we can not conclude the information mentioned in choice C
which choice is better then?
can someone explain for me? | 
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发表于 2004-10-12 16:30:00
