feifei logic 第20题 问

20. A rise in the percentage of all 18-year-olds who were recruited by the armed services of a small republic between 1980 and 1986 correlates with a rise in the percentage of young people who dropped out of high school in that republic. Since 18-year-olds in the republic are generally either high school graduates or high school dropouts, the correlation leads to the conclusion that the republic’s recruitment rates for 18-year-olds depend substantially on recruitment rates for high school dropouts.

Which one of the following statements, if true, most weakens the argument?

A.       A large number of 18-year-old high school graduates were recruited for the republic’s armed services in 1986 than in 1980.

B.        Many of the high-technology systems used by the republic’s armed services can be operated only by individuals who have completed a high school education.

C.        Between 1980 and 1986 the percentage of high school graduates among 18-year-olds recruited in the republic rose sharply.

D.       Personnel of the republic’s armed services are strongly encouraged to finish their high school education.

E.        The proportion of recruits who had completed at least two years of college education was greater in 1986 than in 1980.

参考答案：C

思路：题目的核心是要否定percentage of dropouts 与 percentage of recruitment的因果关系

A：典型的混淆相对数概念和绝对数概念，文中比较的是比率，选项给的是绝对数；

B：无关选项，和题目的核心比率没有太大关系。Tips: 注意many... only by.....这种表述。

C：正确，指出结论的错误属于false dilemma。

D：无关选项。此类错误属于false appeal。tips:注意.....（机构或人）strongly encourage something

E：无关选项，percentage of those completed college education和题目的核心比率没有太大关系。

小弟的疑问是为什么B会是无关选项阿?做题的时候在B和C犹豫了蛮久,觉得B也很合理阿: 因为republic需要某种技术,而此技术又必须要高中毕业,那么republic就应该不会太招高中辍学的人呀~~~

请NN的XDJM们解答^

固然某种技术需要高中毕业的人，军队也因此可能招更多高中毕业的人，但并不能说明其中的比例变化。因为除了这项技术外，还有很多其他技术和岗位要人么，对于其他岗位来说并没有这种要求啊。

我感觉其实和A是一个道理，数字和比例问题。

20. A rise in the percentage of all 18-year-olds who were recruited by the

说一个增加的百分比在所有的18岁的小P孩中（啥样的小P还捏，被征兵北军队（啥样的军队涅，一个小P国的军队）在这两年之间）

armed services of a small republic between 1980 and 1986 correlates with a

跟一个东西有联系（啥样的东西呢，一个增加的百分比of年轻的小P孩（什么小P孩呢，不好好学习退学的））

rise in the percentage of young people who dropped out of high school in that republic. Since 18-year-olds in the republic are generally either  high school

这些18岁的小P孩啊在这个国家的，不是没毕业就是退学

graduates or high school dropouts, the correlation leads to the conclusion that

这个联系导致一个结论（啥结论啊，国家征兵率对18岁的，严重依赖失学率）

the republic’s recruitment rates for 18-year-olds depend substantially on recruitment rates for high school dropouts.

原文说：征兵的比率问题和高中毕业比率的问题

Which one of the following statements, if true, most weakens the argument?

问削弱

A.       A large number of 18-year-old high school graduates were recruited for

the republic’s armed services in 1986 than in 1980.

A说大量的18岁的高中生被征兵在这两年。主体：高中生 无关

B.        Many of the high-technology systems used by the republic’s armed

services can be operated only by individuals who have completed a high school

education.

很多高科技的系统（被用被这个国家的军队）只能被操作（被谁啊，那些没完成高等教育的）太明显了无关，你之所以错是加了这样的想法（ 因为republic需要某种技术,而此技术又必须要高中毕业,那么republic就应该不会太招高中辍学的人呀~~~）这是你推理的过程，不是原文提及的问题，逻辑题，切记不要自己推理。

C.        Between 1980 and 1986 the percentage of high school graduates among

18-year-olds recruited in the republic rose sharply.

在这两年，高中毕业生的百分比（在18岁被国家征了的）增加了严重的

D.       Personnel of the republic’s armed services are strongly encouraged to

finish their high school education.

这个国家的军人 被鼓励完成高中学业  太明显无关了

E.         The proportion of recruits who had completed at least two years of college

education was greater in 1986 than in 1980.

征的比例（征谁呢，完成了至少两年大学的小P孩）比那两年多  太明显无关了