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[讨论]一道费费逻辑题,请教大家assumption的取非

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楼主
发表于 2009-3-14 00:38:00 | 只看该作者

[讨论]一道费费逻辑题,请教大家assumption的取非

21. Historian: We can learn about the medical history of individuals through chemical analysis of their hair. It is likely, for example, that Isaac Newton’s psychological problems were due to mercury poisoning; traces of mercury were found in his hair. Analysis is now being done on a lock of Beethoven’s hair. Although no convincing argument has shown that Beethoven ever had a venereal disease, some people hypothesize that venereal disease caused his deafness. Since mercury was commonly ingested in Beethoven’s time to treat venereal disease, if researchers find a trace of mercury in his hair, we can conclude that this hypothesis is correct. Which one of the following is an assumption on which the historian’s argument depends?

A.       None of the mercury introduced into the body can be eliminated.

B.        Some people in Beethoven’s time did not ingest mercury.

C.        Mercury is an effective treatment for venereal disease.

D.       Mercury poisoning can cause deafness in people with venereal disease.

E.        Beethoven suffered from psychological problems of the same severity as Newton’s.


   

答案是B,参照解释,取非应当是把some 变成all ,并且去掉not.

是这样理解的吗,之前没有想到some 也要取非,

除了some 和 not, 还有其他词需要除非的吗?

谢谢!


[此贴子已经被作者于2009-3-14 0:40:01编辑过]
沙发
发表于 2009-3-14 12:13:00 | 只看该作者
"some"的取非不是"all"...
step-by-step的方法是只要把"some"取非成"none"
放回去後: None of the people in Beethoven’s time did not ingest mercury.
其實就等於: All people in Beethoven’s time ingested mercury.

板凳
 楼主| 发表于 2009-3-14 12:44:00 | 只看该作者

谢谢AlienX

但是不是说,取非是“在谓语”部份取非吗?

为什么不是对 not 取非呢?

地板
发表于 2009-3-15 01:36:00 | 只看该作者
LZ可以想想:
- 如果只是在謂語上取非, 那麼"some guys wear pink shirts"取非後會變成, "some guys don't wear pink shirts"<--跟原句**可能**一致, 想想10個人, 4個人wear shirts, 餘下6個都是wear green shirts, 你還是可以說"some guys wear pink shirts, and some guys don't wear pink shirts",  所以根本就沒有取非過.
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