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Companies O and P each have the same number of employees who work the same number of hours per week. According to records maintained by each company, the employees of Company O had fewer job-related accidents last year than did the employees of Company P. Therefore, employees of Company O are less likely to have job-related accidents than are employees of Company P.

Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the conclusion above?

正确答案: B

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[求助]og157

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楼主
发表于 2005-6-18 22:39:00 | 只看该作者

[求助]og157

Companies O and P each have the same number of employees who work the same number of hours per week. According to records maintained by each company, the employees of Company O had fewer job-related accidents last year than did the employees of Company P. Therefore, employees of Company O are less likely to have job-related accidents than are employees of Company P.



157.


Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the conclusion above?



(A) The employees of Company P lost more time at work due to job-related accidents than did the employees of Company O.


(B) Company P considered more types of accidents to be job-related than did Company O.


(C) The employees of Company P were sick more often than were the employees of Company O.


(D) Several employees of Company O each had more than one job-related accident.


(E) The majority of job-related accidents at Company O involved a single machine.



157.


The data used to support the conclusion come from the companies’ own records. Since, however, choice B indicates that, as compared with Company O, Company P tends to overstate the number of job-related accidents, choice B weakens the conclusion drawn and is the best answer.



Choice A does not weaken the conclusion, but is simply a consequence that would be expected given the data. The relevance of employees’ sicknesses (choice C) cannot be assessed without  information about the links, if any, between sickness and job-related accidents. Choices D and E both give reasons for predicting a smaller likelihood that any arbitrary employee of Company O will have a job-related accidents, and thus support the conclusion.



討論區沒有這題


唉...我實在才疏學淺


請哪位牛人指點我一下


關於D和E的解釋


我抓不到意思阿


沙发
 楼主| 发表于 2005-6-20 21:58:00 | 只看该作者
up
板凳
发表于 2005-6-20 22:49:00 | 只看该作者

这两个选项我也想了好久,勉强想出点东东,不知对否,请指教:


(D) Several employees of Company O each had more than one job-related accident. —>可能是说明任何一个任意胡为的O雇员工伤的机会都要小(比如:大家都有100个员工,O有40件工伤是由20个员工引起的,而P有80件工伤是80个员工引起的,因此O员工受伤的可能性整体偏小),都是基于前提给的事实进行推理


(E) The majority of job-related accidents at Company O involved a single machine. —>可能是说:只是一部机器造成大部分的工伤,别的机器不造成工伤,因此整体的工伤可能性会小


欢迎讨论!


[此贴子已经被作者于2005-6-20 22:52:42编辑过]
地板
发表于 2005-6-21 11:38:00 | 只看该作者
ring_cheng 关于D、E的解释很清楚。另外,B如何推导(没有读懂OG的解释),谢谢
5#
发表于 2005-6-21 15:47:00 | 只看该作者

感觉OG前半部分的题目答案都非常清晰,取向明显,后面的题正确答案越来越不明显,好像新娘的盖头,偶们不光要掀开来瞅瞅这个新娘长得像不像,还得将她的言行举止来一一验证,判断她就是你的相亲对象:)


(B) Company P considered more types of accidents to be job-related than did Company O.乍一看这个选项可能不太容易将它与削弱题的答案连系到一块儿去,但如果加入原文的前提条件--O比P的工伤数量少,就可以发现B选项其实是对前提进行了解释--之所以O比P的工伤少,是因为P定义的工伤范围要广,并不是因为O比P更安全。因此B选项起的是解释前提,而削弱结论的作用

6#
发表于 2005-6-22 10:32:00 | 只看该作者

豁然开朗,谢谢啦。

7#
发表于 2006-5-9 14:24:00 | 只看该作者

ding

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