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Comma+ing modifier 要求和主句同时发生,所以只有当前后有明确的不同时间描述时,comma + ing modifier是illegal。
这题的考点在于只有Bring是modify 前面整句,其他的选项都distort the meaning. 这个OA也说明comma+ing 的使用非常宽松。
下面是Ron关于这句的解释。
Ron: when i say "should apply to the subject of that clause", what i mean is that the subject should be the person/thing whose action is most proximately responsible for the effect described in the -ING modifier.
... so, yeah, these 2 sentences work in pretty much the same way.
in the sentence regarding joe, note that joe didn't directly anger his father; he broke the window, and that action (of breaking the window) angered his father. so, joe didn't directly anger his father, but he is clearly the one most proximately responsible for the action that did.
in the sentence regarding the fledgling sea eagles, note that the eagles themselves didn't directly bring the number to 34; they left their nests, and that action (of leaving the nest) brought the number to 34. so, the birds didn't directly bring the number up to 34, but they are clearly the ones most proximately responsible for that increase.
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