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这篇文章实在是看不懂,所以把自己的翻译理解贴上来,大家看看我翻译的对不对.我觉得我的翻译肯定是有问题的,不然为什么我直接看中文都没有看懂???
In its 1903 decision in the case of Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock, the United States Supreme Court rejected the efforts of three Native American tribes to prevent the opening of tribal lands to non-Indian settlement without tribal consent.
美国最高法院驳回了三个当地美国部落的请求,以防止在没有部落许可的情况下对非印第安人移民开放部落土地.
| In his study of the Lone Wolf case, Blue Clark properly emphasizes the Court's assertion of a virtually unlimited unilateral power of Congress (the House of Representatives and the Senate) over Native American affairs.
BC对此案的研究恰当地强调了,法院肯定了国会拥有处理本土美国人事务的不受限单方权力 | But he fails to note the decision's more far-reaching impact: shortly after Lone Wolf, the federal government totally abandoned negotiation and execution of formal written agreements with Indian tribes as a prerequisite for the implementation of federal Indian policy.
案件过后不久,联邦政府完全放弃了与印第安部落谈判,放弃了把正规的书面协议的执行作为实施联邦印第安政策的先决条件 |
Many commentators believe that this change had already occurred in 1871 when--following a dispute between the House and the Senate over which chamber should enjoy primacy in Indian affairs--Congress abolished the making of treaties with Native American tribes.
很多评论员相信这一转变早在1871年国会废除与本土部落订立条约时就发生,这一废除是跟随议院和上院争谁应主导印第安事务发生的。 |
But in reality the federal government continued to negotiate formal tribal agreements past the turn of the century, treating these documents not as treaties with sovereign nations requiring ratification by the Senate but simply as legislation to be passed by both houses of Congress.
但事实上,世纪之交后,联邦政府一直在协商正式的部落协议,它并非把这些文件看作有待上院批准的与独立国签署的条约,而是有待两个议院通过的立法。 |
The Lone Wolf decision ended this era of formal negotiation and finally did away with what had increasingly become the empty formality of obtaining tribal consent.
LW案件的判决终结了正式谈判时代,并最终摆脱了得到部落同意的空洞形式。 |
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