GWD-3-23，3-25

Q23 to Q26:

      Why firms adhere to or deviate

       from their strategic plans is poorly

       understood.  However, theory and

Line       limited research suggest that the

  (5)      process through which such plans

emerge may play a part.  In particular,

top management decision-sharing—

consensus-oriented, team-based

decision-making—may increase the

(10)      likelihood that firms will adhere to their

plans, because those involved in the

decision-making may be more com-

mitted to the chosen course of action,

thereby increasing the likelihood that

(15)      organizations will subsequently adhere

to their plans.

      However, the relationship between

top management decision-sharing and

adherence to plans may be affected

(20)      by a firm’s strategic mission (its fun-

       damental approach to increasing

       sales revenue and market share, and

generating cash flow and short-term

profits).  At one end of the strategic

(25)      mission continuum, “build” strategies

are pursued when a firm desires to

increase its market share and is willing

to sacrifice short-term profits to do so.

At the other end, “harvest” strategies

(30)      are used when a firm is willing to

sacrifice marked share for short-term

profitability and cash-flow maximiza-

       tion.  Research and theory suggest

that top management decision-sharing

(35)    may have a more positive relationship

with adherence to plans among firms

with harvest strategies than among

firms with build strategies.  In a study

      of strategic practices in several large

(40)     firms, managers in harvest strategy

scenarios were more able to adhere

to their business plans.  As one of the

managers in the study explained it,

this is partly because “[t]ypically all a

(45)      manager has to do [when implementing

a harvest strategy] is that which was

done last year.”  Additionally, man-

agers under harvest strategies may

have fewer strategic options than do

(50)      those under build strategies; it may

therefore be easier to reach agree-

ment on a particular course of action

through decision-sharing, which will

in turn tend to promote adherence

(55)      to plans.  Conversely, in a “build”

strategy scenario, individual leader-

ship, rather than decision-sharing,

may promote adherence to plans.

Build strategies—which typically

(60)      require leaders with strong perso-

nal visions for a firm’s future, rather

than the negotiated compromise

of the team-based decision—may

be most closely adhered to when

(65)      implemented in the context of a clear

strategic vision of an individual leader,

rather than through the practice of

decision-sharing.

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Q23:

Which of the following best describes the function of the first sentence (lines 17-24) of the second paragraph of the passage?

1. To answer a question posed in the first sentence of the passage about why firms adopt particular strategic missions


2. To refute an argument made in the first paragraph about how top management decision-making affects whether firms will adhere to their strategic plans


3. To provide evidence supporting a theory introduced in the first paragraph about what makes firms adhere to or deviate from their strategic plants


4. To qualify an assertion made in the preceding sentence (lines 6-16) about how top management decision-making affects the likelihood that firms will adhere to their strategic plans


5. To explain a distinction relied on in the second paragraph (lines 17-68) regarding two different kinds of strategic missions

答案是E，请问  distinction是指two different kinds of strategic missions 的distinction吗？如果是的话17-24里根本没解释区别呀？区别是后面解释的呀。

还有B 为什么不对呀？

Q25:

The primary purpose of the passage is to

23E,To explain a distinction relied on in the second paragraph (lines 17-68) regarding two different kinds of strategic missions,楼主又马虎了吧,人家没说是17-24解释了这个distinction,这个选项说的是17-68说了这个distinction,你说"区别是后面解释的呀。"对啊，这个选项说的就是这个意思啊.呵呵.

B错在refute,第二段并没有refute,只说还有其他因素可能产生影响.

25全文没有提到任何两个观点相对的理论,不是理论A如何如何，理论B如何如何。而是有人认为这些东西是某事的原因，但作者认为还有其他原因，所以不能选B.examine可以是调查，研究,分析....等等均可