[求助]请教2道逻辑题

creek · 发表于 2003-8-16 01:33:00

1，Middletown's police currently remove an apparently abandoned car from the streets about two months after it is reported. The police have been unfairly criticized for allowing such cars to be vandalized during this period. Because it is illegal for car owners to abandon cars on the street, police need not be concerned about protecting such cars.

Which of the following, if found to be true, would cast the most doubt on the study's conclusion?

(A) In the past, vehicles abandoned in Middletown were removed from the streets an average of four months after initial reports to police.

(B) in one recent year, more than 150 abandoned vehicles were vandalized in Middletown, but police made no arrests for those actions.

(C) some cars initially classified by Middletown's police as abandoned were later reclassified as stolen vehicles.

(D) Middletown's understaffed police force must give the disposition of abandoned cars low priority because of the number of violent crimes now committed there.

(E) in the most recent year for which data are available, there were 28 percent fewer reports of abandoned vehicles than the yearly average for the previous ten years.

2, F: we ought not to test the safety of new drugs on sentient animals, such as dogs and rabbits. Our benefit means their pain, and they are equal to us in the capacity to feel pain.
G: we must carry out such tests; otherwise, we would irresponsibly sacifice the human lives that could have been saved by the drugs.
Which of the following, if true, is the best objection that could be made from F's point of view to counter G's point?

(A) even though it is not necessary for people to use cosmetics, cosmetics are also being tested on sentient animals.

(B) medical science already has at its disposal a great number of drugs and other treatments for serious illnesses.

(C) it is not possible to obtain scientifically adequate results by testing drugs in the test tube, without making tests on living tissue.

(D) some of the drugs to be tested would save human beings from great pain.

(E) Many tests now performed on sentient animals can be performed equally well on fertilized chicken eggs that are at a very early stage of development.

答案是C,E. 请问为什么？先谢谢啦！

mindfree · 发表于 2003-8-16 04:08:00

This type of "cast doubt" problems require you to find the error in reasoning, assumption, premises in the argument.

1. abandoning cars is illegal --> ok to vandalize these cars. The answer points out that some of these cars are stolen, instead of abandoned. So the premeses does not hold.

2. G points out that the tests have to been performed as they save human lives. E cast doubt on the necessity of these tests on animal as they can be performed on eggs and produce the same results.

BTW, I strongly recommend that you post your thoughts next time you ask questions. So others can know what you problem is and they can address it accordingly.

creek · 发表于 2003-8-18 00:49:00

非常感谢，这是我第一次发逻辑贴，下次一定把我的想法也写出来。：）

[求助]请教2道逻辑题

[求助]请教2道逻辑题

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