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照片文章全完读不懂。。。论坛搜不到帖子。。。
大牛能翻译一下吗？谢谢
我发现我在历史这块很弱，不知道怎么加强啊...
A majority taken collectively may be regarded as a being whoseopinions and, most frequently, whose interests are opposed to thoseof another being, which is styled a minority. If it is admitted that aman possessing absolute power may misuse that power bywronging his adversaries, why should a majority not be liable to thesame reproach? Men are not apt to change their characters byagglomeration; nor does their patience in the presence of obstaclesincrease with the consciousness of their strength. For these reasonswe should not willingly invest any group of our fellows with thatunlimited authority which we should refuse to any individual.
One social power must always predominate over others, butliberty is endangered when this power is checked by no obstacleswhich may retard its course and force it to moderate its ownvehemence. Unlimited power is in itself a bad and dangerous thing,and no power on earth is so worthy of honor for itself or ofreverential obedience to the rights which it represents that weshould admit its uncontrolled and all-predominant authority. Whenthe right and means of absolute command are conferred on a peopleor a king, on an aristocracy or a democracy, a monarchy or arepublic, there has been implanted the germ of tyranny.
The main evil of the present democratic institutions of theUnited States does not arise, as is often asserted in Europe, fromtheir weakness, but from their overpowering strength; theexcessive liberty which reigns in that country is not so alarming as isthe very inadequate security which exists against tyranny.
When an individual or a party is wronged in the United States, towhom can he apply for redress? If to the public opinion, publicopinion constitutes the majority; if to the legislature, it representsthe majority and implicitly obeys its injunctions; if to the executivepower, it is appointed by the majority and remains a passive tool inits hands; the public troops consist of the majority under arms; thejury is the majority invested with the right of hearing judicial cases,and in certain states even the judges are elected by the majority.However iniquitous or absurd the evil complained about, no surebarrier is established to defend against it.
1. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for thepassage?
(A) The Tyranny of the Majority
(B) Democracy: Triumph of the People
(C) Abuses of Power
(D) The Failure of Democracy in the United States
(E) Minority Rights
2. Which of the following best paraphrases the author’s statement inthe third sentence of paragraph 1 (lines 7-11)?
(A) Individuals do not change their behavior when they act in concertwith others who are likeminded, and, knowing they are acting as partof the group, they are not likely to show greater restraint whenopposed than they would if they were acting individually.
(B) Groups are not different from one another, they all show strongimpatience when thwarted.
(C) The character of men is formed by the accumulation of their traits,and patience is not a common trait among men of strength.
(D) The leopard does not change its spots no matter how long it lives,and it is, and remains, patient in the presence of obstacles.
(E) Men change their behavior when they act in groups; they are morepatient when they are in the company of their fellows than they arewhen they are alone.
3. With which of the following statements would the author of thepassage be most likely to agree?
(A) Democracy is no greater defense against tyranny than is monarchyor aristocracy.
】 (B) Minority rule would probably be more responsive to the needs of allpeople than majority rule.
(C) No government should be trusted since all governments areequally tyrannical.
(D) Since one social power must always predominate over others, it isfutile to provide checks and balances in government.
(E) To render itself immune to the germ of tyranny, the United Statesshould strengthen its political institutions.
4. Which of the following, assuming that each is true, would mostweaken the point that the author is making in the last twoparagraphs of the passage?
(A) The framers of the U.S. Constitution deliberately separated thethree branches of the government to prevent tyranny.
(B) There is not a single majority in the United States; there are manymajorities, each composed of a different collection of individuals andeach acting as a restraint on the others.
(C) The First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution specificallyguarantees the right of each citizen to petition the government forredress of grievances.
(D) Even though the United States is not a direct democracy, all U.S.citizens have an equal opportunity to participate in political life and tohold public office.E) The framers of the U.S. Constitution had two primary concerns: toprevent the government from exercising tyranny over the peopleand to prevent the majority from exercising tyranny over theminority.
5. The author’s treatment of the topic of the passage can best bedescribed as
(A) ironic
(B) neutral
(C) logical
(D) irreverent
(E) diffident
6. In the passage, the author is primarily concerned with
(A) challenging a commonly held belief
(B) contrasting two opposing views
(C) advocating a course of action
(D) reconciling an apparent conflict
(E) proposing a solution to an unrecognized problem
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发表于 2015-4-16 16:48:07
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