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1.GWD-8-Q35 -Q37单亲家庭生活穷困与妇女收入较低问题的讨论
This passage was adapted from an article written in 1990.
Research data indicate that调查数据显示在美国，由妇女持家的单亲
there is a great deal of poverty in家庭存在着大量贫困现象。
the United States among single-
Line parent families headed by women.
(5)This problem could result from这个问题的根源可能是妇女工资是男性的
the fact that women’s wages are60%。一些经济学家相信有力执行现有的
only 60 percent of men’s. Some平等报酬法律将切实践减少工资不平等。
economists believe that rigorous
enforcement of existing equal pay
(10)laws would substantially decrease
this wage inequity. But equal pay但是当男女专注于不同职业时，平等报
laws are ineffectual when women酬法律是无效的，因为那些律例仅要求
and men are concentrated in different男女同工同酬。
occupations because such laws
(15)require only that women and men
doing the same jobs be paid the
same. Since gender concentration因存在性别集中(如80%文书是妇女)，
exists (for example, 80 percent of其他经济学家认为应执行一个可比的
clerical workers are women), other价值标准，即要求无论男女做什么工
(20)economists argue that a comparable作，需相似培训和担相似责任的，都得
worth standard, which would到同等的报酬。
mandate that women and men in
any jobs that require comparable
training and responsibility be paid
(25)the same, should be applied
instead. But some policy analysts但一些政策分析家坚定认为，虽然可比
assert that, although comparable价值确实会使男女工资平等，但很多由
worth would virtually equalize male妇女持家的单亲家庭仍旧贫困，因为很
and female wages, many single-多男性的工资都低于贫困线。
(30)parent families headed by women
would remain in poverty because
many men earn wages that are
below the poverty line. These这些政策分析家相信，这个问题并非主
policy analysts believe that the要来自工资不平等，而是来自不论性别
(35)problem is not caused primarily by的低工资加上单亲。
wage inequity but rather by low
wages coupled with single parent
hood, regardless of sex. As a作为解决方案，他们挑战政府的家庭
solution, they challenge the govern-收入主要是工资的前提，敦促政府向
(40)ment’s assumption that a family’s低工资单亲家庭提供慷慨的工资补助。
income should depend primarily on(如儿童和房屋津贴)
wages and urge the government to
provide generous wage supplements
(child and housing allow-
(45)ances) to single parents whose
wages are low.
问题解决
逻辑简图：
1P: research indicates poverty(singly parents family) headed by women. The problem result from…. Some economists believe… but ineffectual.Other economists assert… but remain poverty…. Analysts believe not caused by… but rather by…. As a solution….
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GWD-8-Q35:
The passage suggests that the United States
government’s policy towards providing wage supplements to parents whose wages are low is
A. considered ill advised by most economists who have studied the issue
B. based on assumptions about the appropriate sources of family income
As asolution, they challenge the government’s assumption that a family’sincome should depend primarily onwages and urge the government toprovide generous wage supplements(child and housing allowances) to single parents whosewages are low.
关于这个appropriate sources怎么理解呢？
C. under revision in response to criticism from some policy analysts
D. capable of eliminating wage inequality but not of raising incomes for both women and men
E. applicable to single-parent families headed by women but not to single-parent families headed by men
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GWD-8-Q36:
Which of the following is most clearly an example of the policy advocated by the policy analysts mentioned in line 26 ?
A. A government provides training to women who wish to move out of occupations in which women are concentrated.
B. A government supports research that analyzes the connection between wage inequality and poverty among single-parent families headed by women.
C. A government surveys wages annually to make certain that women and men in the same jobs receive the same pay.
D. A government analyzes jobs in terms of the education and responsibility they require and publishes a list of jobs that should be considered equivalent for wage purposes.
E. A government provides large rent subsidies to single parents whose wages are less than half the average worker’s wage. 这个定位在哪里呢？
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发表于 2011-11-19 11:14:45
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