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请nn给讲解一下。
1. Because ethylene dibromide, a chemical used to fumigate grain, was blamed for the high rate of nerve damage suffered by people who work in grain-processing plants, many such plants switched to other chemical fumigants two years ago. Since then, however, the percentage of workers at these plants who were newly diagnosed with nerve damage has not dropped significantly. Therefore, either ethylene dibromide was wrongly blamed or else the new chemicals also cause nerve damage.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A If the new chemicals cause nerve damage, the nerve damage caused would be different from any nerve damage that ethylene dibromide may cause.
B There are no chemical fumigants that are completely safe for workers in grain-processing plants.
C If ethylene dibromide causes nerve damage, it does not take two years or longer for that damage to become detectable.
D Workers at grain-processing plants typically continue to work there even after being diagnosed with nerve damage.
E Workers at grain-processing plants that still use ethylene dibromide continue to have a high rate of nerve damage.
2. Which of the flowing most logically completes the argument?
The attribution of the choral work Lacrimae to the composer Pescard (1400 – 1474) has been regarded as tentative, since it was based on a single treatise from the early 1500’s that named Pescard as the composer. Recently, several musical treatises from the late 1500’s have come to light, all of which name Pescard as the composer of Lacrimae. Unfortunately, these newly discovered treatises lend no support to the attribution of Lacrimae to Pescard, since _______.
A the treatise from the early 1500’s misidentifies the composers of some of the musical works it considers
B the author of the treatise from the early 1500’s had no very strong evidence on which to base the identification of Pescard as the composer of Lacrimae
C there are works that can conclusively be attributed to Pescard that are not even mentioned in the treatise from the early 1500’s
D the later treatises probably had no source for their attribution other than the earlier treatise
E no known treatises from the 1600’s identify Pescard as the composer of Lacrimae
3. In parts of the Caribbean, the manatee, an endangered marine mammal, has long been hunted for its meat. Having noted the manatee hunters’ expert knowledge of manatees’ habits, local conservationists are encouraging the hunters to stop hunting and instead to take tourists on boat rides to see manatees. Tourist interest is high, so the plan has promise of achieving the twin goals of giving the former hunters a good income and helping ensure the manatees’ survival.
Which of the following, if true, raises the most serious doubt about the plan’s chance of success?
A Many tourists who visit these parts of the Caribbean are uninterested in manatees and would not be willing to pay what the former manatee hunters would have to charge for boat rides to see manatees.
E To maintain their current income, manatee hunters who switched to guiding tourists would have to use far larger boats and make many more trips into the manatees’ fragile habitat than they currently do.
4. Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium transmitted to humans by deer ticks. Generally deer ticks pick up the bacterium while in the larval stage from feeding on infected white-footed mice. However, certain other species on which the larvae feed do not harbor the bacterium. Therefore, if the population of these other species were increased, the number of ticks acquiring the bacterium―and hence the number of people contracting Lyme disease—would likely decline.
Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?
A Ticks do not suffer any adverse consequences from carrying the bacterium that causes Lyme disease in humans.
B There are no known cases of a human’s contracting Lyme disease through contact with white-footed mice.
C A deer tick feeds only once while in the larval stage.
D A single host animal can be the source of bacteria for many tick larvae.
E None of the other species on which deer tick larvae feed harbor other bacteria that ticks transmit to humans.
5. The violent crime rate (number of violent crimes per 1,000 residents) in Meadowbrook is 60 percent higher now than it was four years ago. The corresponding increase for Parkdale is only 10 percent. These figures support the conclusion that residents of Meadowbrook are more likely to become victims of violent crime than are residents of Parkdale.
The argument above is flawed because it fails to take into account
B how the rate of population growth in Meadowbrook over the past four years compares to the corresponding rate for Parkdale
D the violent crime rates in Meadowbrook and Parkdale four years ago
6. Tourists have long complained that hotel accommodations in Midville are too expensive. Starting last year, the city council, hoping to attract more tourists, lowered the hotel tax rate to 5 percent of room charges. By the end of last year, Midville had taken in no less money from hotel taxes than it did the year before, so an examination of the hotel records will show that more tourists stayed in city hotels last year than the year before.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
C The average length of a tourist’s stay in Midville hotels was not longer last year than it had been the year before.
E On average, tourists in Midville did not spend significantly more on meals last year than they did on hotels accommodations.
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发表于 2005-1-10 21:25:00
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