[求助]L6-II-10,14

10. All of John’s friends say they know someone who has smoked 40 cigarettes a day for the past 40 years and yet who is really fit and well. John does not know anyone like that and it is quite certain that he is not unique among his friends in this respect.

If the statements in the passage are true, then which one of the following must also be true?cfficeffice" />

(A) Smokers often lie about how much they smoke.

(B) People often knowingly exaggerate without intending to lie.

(C) All John’s friends know the same lifelong heavy smoker.

(D) Most of John’s friends are not telling the truth.（E）

(E) Some of John’s friends are not telling the truth.

答案為什麼是e呢?C不可能嗎?

14.         Joshua Smith’s new novel was criticized by the book editor for The Daily Standard as implausible. That criticism, like so many other criticisms from the same source in the past, is completely unwarranted, as anyone who has actually read the novel would agree. Each one of the incidents in which Smith’s hero gets involved is the kind of incident that could very well have happened to someone or other.

Which one of the following is the most serious error of reasoning in the argument?

(A) It relies on the assumption that a criticism can legitimately by dismissed as unwarranted if it is offended by someone who had previously displayed questionable judgment.

(B) It ignores the fact that people can agree about something even though what they agree about is not the case.

(C) It calls into question the intellectual integrity of the critic in order to avoid having to address the grounds on which the criticism is based.

(D) It takes for granted that a whole story will have a given characteristics if each of its parts has that characteristics.（D）

(E) It attempts to justify its conclusion by citing reasons that most people would find plausible only if they were already convinced that the conclusion was true.

看不太懂答案D是什麼意思,請高人指點,謝謝

Logic layout: Each one of the incidents是常见的->说JS的作品　不可能是The Daily Standard是错误的fficeffice" />


(D) It takes for granted that a whole story will have a given characteristics if each of its parts has that characteristics误认为如果一个事情的每个部分(incident)都有Daily的特点，则整个(novel)也育Daily特点.


１０

JOHN并不知道有这样的朋友：大烟枪---一天40根，40年。。
同时JOHN知道至少在他朋友中，他不是唯一这样子的(not    unique)。。说明他的朋友也有人不认识这样的烟鬼。。而开头又说ALL    OF    his    friends    says    that    他们认识这样的烟鬼。
那肯定是E：至少有朋友撒谎了。