Comparable worth, as a standard applied to eliminate inequities in pay, insists that the values of certain tasks performed in dissimilar jobs can be compared.In the last decade, this approach has become a critical social policy issue, as large numbers of private-sector firms and industries as well as federal, state, and local governmental entities have adopted comparable worth policies or begun to consider doing so.
This widespread institutional awareness of comparable worth indicates increased public awareness that pay inequities--that is, situations in which pay is not "fair" because it does not reflect the true value of a job--exist in the labor market.However, the question still remains:have the gains already made in pay equity under comparable worth principles been of a precedent-setting nature or are they mostly transitory, a function of concessions made by employers to mislead female employees into believing that they have made long-term pay equity gains?
Comparable worth pay adjustments are indeed precedent-setting.Because of the principles driving them, other mandates that can be applied to reduce or eliminate unjustified pay gaps between male and female workers have not remedied perceived pay inequities satisfactorily for the litigants in cases in which men and women hold different jobs.But whenever comparable worth principles are applied to pay schedules, perceived unjustified pay differences are eliminated.In this sense, then, comparable worth is more comprehensive than other mandates, such as the Equal Pay Act of 1963 and Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.Neither compares tasks in dissimilar jobs (that is, jobs across occupational categories) in an effort to determine whether or not what is necessary to perform these tasks--know-how, problem-solving, and accountability--can be quantified in terms of its dollar value to the employer.Comparable worth, on the other hand, takes as its premise that certain tasks in dissimilar jobs may require a similar amount of training, effort, and skill; may carry similar responsibility; may be carried on in an environment having a similar impact upon the worker; and may have a similar dollar value to the employer.
Which of the following best describes an application of the principles of comparable worth as they are described in the passage?
Which of the following best describes an application of the principles of comparable worth as they are described in the passage?
(A) The current pay, rates of increase, and rates of promotion for female mechanics are compared with those of male mechanics.
(A) The current pay, rates of increase, and rates of promotion for female mechanics are compared with those of male mechanics.
(B) The training, skills, and job experience of computer programmers in one division of a corporation are compared to those of programmers making more money in another division.
(C) The number of women holding top executive positions in a corporation is compared to the number of women available for promotion to those positions, and both tallies are matched to the tallies for men in the same corporation.
(D) The skills, training, and job responsibilities of the clerks in the township tax assessor's office are compared to those of the much better-paid township engineers.
(E) The working conditions of female workers in a hazardous-materials environment are reviewed and their pay schedules compared to those of all workers in similar environments across the nation.
Which of the following most accurately states the central purpose of the passage?
(A) To criticize the implementation of a new procedure
(B) To assess the significance of a change in policy
(C) To illustrate how a new standard alters procedures
(D) To explain how a new policy is applied in specific cases
(E) To summarize the changes made to date as a result of social policy
答案是B,但为什么不是D呢?
这些话都支持D
Comparable worth, on the other hand, takes as its premise that certain tasks in dissimilar jobs may require a similar amount of training, effort, and skill; may carry similar responsibility; may be carried on in an environment having a similar impact upon the worker; and may have a similar dollar value to the employer.
Which of the following most accurately states the central purpose of the passage?
(A) To criticize the implementation of a new procedure 没有批评
(B) To assess the significance of a change in policy 正好迎合全文三段，1说好，2说是不是也没这么好呢？3说真的很好呀，比什么都好，怎么个好玩儿～
(C) To illustrate how a new standard alters procedures 虽然第三段最后一句话在具体说可比较价值是怎么做到的，但是这还是为了更好的更具体的回答第二段的顾虑。属于细节吧？
(D) To explain how a new policy is applied in specific cases 没有提到什么具体案例，第三段最后一句虽然很具体，还是很概括的。正如第三段这句话一样But whenever comparable worth principles are applied to pay schedules, perceived unjustified pay differences are eliminated.就连反对the Equal Pay Act of 1963 and Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964的，也很概括说了neither。。。
(E) To summarize the changes made to date as a result of social policy没有总结什么变化，说以前咋样，现在咋样。
Which of the following best describes an application of the principles of comparable worth as they are described in the passage?
Comparable worth, on the other hand, takes as its premise that certain tasks in dissimilar jobs may require a similar amount of training, effort, and skill; may carry similar responsibility; may be carried on in an environment having a similar impact upon the worker; and may have a similar dollar value to the employer. 我感觉这道题的出题点是文章最后一句。其实这句话强调的是“人”，而不是男人还是女人，只是说相似工作环境、相似责任、相似的培训、个人努力、个人技能情况下的两个人所为雇主带来的相似等比价值。
(A) The current pay, rates of increase, and rates of promotion for female mechanics are compared with those of male mechanics.
(B) The training, skills, and job experience of computer programmers in one division of a corporation are compared to those of programmers making more money in another division.
(C) The number of women holding top executive positions in a corporation is compared to the number of women available for promotion to those positions, and both tallies are matched to the tallies for men in the same corporation.
(D) The skills, training, and job responsibilities of the clerks in the township tax assessor's office are compared to those of the much better-paid township engineers.
(E) The working conditions of female workers in a hazardous-materials environment are reviewed and their pay schedules compared to those of all workers in similar environments across the nation.这点就是太片面了。
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发表于 2009-7-13 08:47:00
