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In tests for pironoma, a serious disease, a false positive result indicates that people have pironoma when, in fact, they do not; a false negative result indicates that people do not have pironoma when, in fact, they do. To detect pironoma most accurately, physicians should use the laboratory test that has the lowest proportion of false positive results.

Which of the following, if true, gives the most support to the recommendation above?

正确答案: E

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CXD逻辑关于Pironoma的逻辑,始终不明白为什么选E

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发表于 2009-11-29 10:41:55 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式
20.   In tests for pironoma, a serious disease, a false positive result indicates that people have pironoma when, in fact, they do not; a false negative result indicates that people do not have pironoma when, in fact, they do. To detect pironoma most accurately, physicians should use the laboratory test that has the lowest proportion of false positive results.Which of the following, if true, gives the most support to the recommendation above?
(A) The accepted treatment for pironoma does not have damaging side effects.
(B) The laboratory test that has the lowest proportion of false positive results causes the same minor side effects as do the other laboratory tests used to detect pironoma.
(C) In treating pironoma patients, it is essential to begin treatment as early as possible, since even a week of delay can result in loss of life.
(D) The proportion of inconclusive test results is equal for all laboratory tests used to detect pironoma.
(E) All laboratory tests to detect pironoma have the same proportion of false negative results.

c项:在治疗Pironoma病人时,尽可能早地开始治疗非重要,因为即使一周的耽误也会导致失去生命.-->我认为这个支持了 实验至检测 阳性结果出错率最低 的重要性--减少了误诊率
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沙发
发表于 2009-11-29 12:38:38 | 只看该作者
我觉得C项是无关选项~
板凳
发表于 2010-4-6 22:58:25 | 只看该作者
题意的目的是选一个最佳的lab, 既然有一家lab 的false positive positive 方面的性能是最好, 如果再被补充条件在false negative positive方面的性能与其他lab比较也不差, 即一样的, 所以毫无疑问, 这家lab的综合性能是最好的
地板
发表于 2010-4-7 10:16:30 | 只看该作者
检测结果受两方面影响,当FALSE negative都相同的情况下,选择FALSE positive最小的就是发生概率最小的最优选项,就是A概率发生=B概率发生+C概率发生    一个不变,另一个取最小,就能比较得到最小项
5#
发表于 2010-4-7 12:30:20 | 只看该作者
我觉得C项是无关选项~
-- by 会员 zhongyaya (2009/11/29 12:38:38)


Agree.
"C" is irrelevant~
6#
发表于 2010-4-7 12:43:18 | 只看该作者
E是对的,False negative 相同,所以找false positive的lab。
C不是无关,C是weaken题中的结论。C中说对于治疗,时间很重要,那么False negative就应该被避免,因此应该找false negative 小的lab。 这与题目中的结论不符合
7#
发表于 2010-4-7 13:47:13 | 只看该作者
同意E
因为通过比较False Positive 和 Flase Negative可以知道,实际上前者的潜在危害更大,也就是说比较顺序应该是(1)先找False Negative最小,(若无比较结果则进入第二环节的比较)(2)再看False Positive 最小的。
但本题题干中给出的结果依据是 False Positive较小的一个,所以说明已经进入到比较顺序中第二个环节了,言外之意为第一环节的比较结果是无差异的。
8#
发表于 2010-4-27 15:35:17 | 只看该作者
Let me try.

a false positive result  --fp
a false negative result --fn

A,B: the speaker is talking about the accuracy of detectation not concerning about side effects, irrelevant
C: Like A&B, the author doesn't concern about the treatment of pironoma, irrelevant.
compare D and E: D means percent of 'fp+fn' is equal for all tests, E means the percent of 'fn' is equal for all tests. It can be inferred that D doesn't strengthen that the lowest false positive results is needed.
9#
发表于 2012-4-21 15:04:41 | 只看该作者
我来说说吧
文章是plan-goal型,这种文章,无论什么题型,只考虑2个问题,1、plan是否可行;2、如plan可行,能否达到goal
文章前两句是背景信息可以略看,从最后一句我们可以得出:goal-对P的检测更准确;plan-应使用FPR率最低的方法
题目问哪个支持,那我们就找1、使得plan更可行的;2、在plan可行的情况下使得达到goal的可能性增大的
B选项满足第一个条件,使得plan更可行,因为如果FNR率不确定,FPR率也就不能确定;
C选项为无关项,文章的argue是关于检测方法的,我们不关心怎么治疗病人
10#
发表于 2012-12-25 14:40:48 | 只看该作者
一个lab好不好,有两个因素,一个因素是false negative  一个是 false positive
文中结论说physicians should use the laboratory test that has the lowest proportion of“     false positive  ” results.
那么无论题目问的是假设还是加强,既然比较的是false positive,那么前提都要保证 fase negative是一样的。
(E)    All laboratory tests to detect pironoma have the same proportion of false negative results.
E说的正好就是这一个问题。
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