lawyer最近还在这里逛么？请教一个Justify/Assumption题的方法问题

在《logical reasoning bible》上讲到Justify题的时候，提到一种方法：

……Because Justify the Conclusion questions can be characterized in formulaic terms, you can often solve these questions using a mechanistic approach. This approach requires you to reduce the stimulus to its component parts ，and then identify which elements appear in the conclusion but not in the premises. The following rules apply:
1. Any “new” element in the conclusion will appear in the correct answer.
2. Elements that are common to the conclusion and at least one premise normally do not appear in the correct answer.
3. Elements that appear in the premises but not the conclusion usually appear in the correct answer.

In a nutshell, the rules condense to the following: link new elements in the premises and conclusion and ignore elements common to both.

文后也提到由于Justify和Assumption在归类上的同一性（都可以归到HELP类），这种方法大多时候也可以用，可是在实践中，我感觉这种方法并不是非常惯用，因为就算用书中的例子，我也并不是很顺畅的用到这种方法。还没有有关无关排除然后取非来的方便。

不知道lawyer对此方法怎么看？也欢迎大家讨论阿。

举书中原例说明（以下两题都被归到Justify）：

例1：If something would have been justifiably regretted if it had occurred, then it is something that one should not have desired in the first place. It follows that many forgone pleasures should not have been desired in the first place.
The conclusion above follows logically if which one of the following is assumed?

(A) One should never regret one’s pleasures.
(B) Forgone pleasures that were not desired would not have been justifiably regretted.
(C) Everything that one desires and then regrets not having is a forgone pleasure.
(D) Many forgone pleasures would have been justifiably regretted.
(E) Nothing that one should not have desired in the first place fails to be a pleasure.
方法：

Premise: If something would have been justifiably regretted if it had occurred, then it is something that one should not have desired in the first place.
Conclusion: Many forgone pleasures should not have been desired in the first place.

step1：Any “new”element in the conclusion will appear in the correct answer.

      “Many forgone pleasures” is a new element that appears only in the conclusion. Only answer choices (B), (C), and (D) contain “forgonepleasures,” and only answer choice (D) contains “many.” Thus, if forced to make a quick decision, answer choice (D) would be the best selection at this point in our analysis.

step2：Elements that are common to the conclusion and at least one premise, or to two premises, normally do not appear in the correct answer.

    “Should not have (been) desired in the first place” appears in both the premise and the conclusion. This element is not likely to appear in the correct answer choice.

step3: Elements that appear in the premises but not the conclusion normally appear in the correct answer.
“Justifiably regretted” appears in the premise but not the conclusion.Only answer choices (B) and (D) contain “justifiably regretted.”.

所以D正确。

这个例子很好，但是对另一个例子，我觉得不好用。

1. Maria won this year’s local sailboat race by beating Sue, the winner in each of the four previous years. We can conclude from this that Maria trained hard.
The conclusion follows logically if which one of the following is assumed?
(A) Sue did not train as hard as Maria trained.
(B) If Maria trained hard, she would win the sailboat race.
(C) Maria could beat a four-time winner only if she trained hard.
(D) If Sue trained hard, she would win the sailboat race.
(E) Sue is usually a faster sailboat racer than Maria.

答案是C,可是：

按照步骤：

Premise: Maria won this year’s local sailboat race by beating Sue, the winner in each of the four previous years.
Conclusion: We can conclude from this that Maria trained hard.

step1：“new”element in the conclusion，“Maria trained hard.”， will appear in the correct answer. Thus （A）（B）（C）.

step2：Elements that are common to the conclusion and at least one premise,or to two premises, normally do not appear in the correct answer.

这一步我就觉得困惑了，哪个才是common的呢？

step3: Elements that appear in the premises but not the conclusion normally appear in the correct answer.

这个牵强点说应该是：the winner in each of the four previous years把？

所以我觉得这个方法不太好用，请指点。