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题目The following appeared in aletter to the school board in the town of Centerville.
"All students should be required to take the driver's education course at Centerville High School
. In the past two years,several accidents in and around Centervillehave involved teenage drivers. Since a number of parents in Centerville have complained that they are toobusy to teach their teenagers to drive, some other instruction is necessary toensure that these teenagers are safe drivers. Although there are two drivingschools in Centerville,parents on a tight budget cannot afford to pay for driving instruction.Therefore an effective and mandatory program sponsored by the high school isthe only solution to this serious problem."
Instruction Write a response in which you examine thestated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how theargument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for theargument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
提纲 1 不一定所有的交通事故都是因为学生造成的
2 驾驶课程不一定适用于所有学生
3 学校不一定有条件开设驾驶课程
时间30min 字数 408
This argument is well presented and seemsto be relatively sound at the first glance; the author concludes all studentsshould take to driving courses. However, after a close scrutiny, this argumentrests on some dubious assumptions and the conclusion is biased due to theinadequate in nature of the evidences provided, for example, the author assumesthat all the teenagers involved in accidents should take the responsibility,the courses are necessary to all students and the school has the capacity tosupport the courses. To make the suggestion more persuasive, the assumptionsshould be more considered.
First, the author simply assumes that thestudents are the major cause of the traffic accidents. Although requiring themto take driving courses might make them well prepared to drive, it fails toeliminate the other factors that cause the accidents such as others' drunkdriving and unfamiliarity of the local road conditions. Unless the authorprovides evidences that most of the accidents are caused by the teenagerdrivers, the claim that the courses could decrease the accidents is invalid.
Second, the author made a gratuitousassumption that the driving course are necessary to every single student. It ishighly possible that parts of them are not old enough to get a driving licensethus requiring them to take the courses makes no sense. Besides, some othersare skilled enough to drive and avoid accidents so there is no need for them toattend the course. This scenario, if true, will seriously doubt the assumptionthat all students need the driving courses. To make the suggestion convincing,the author should give detailed information about the students' situation.
Last, even though some of the parents couldnot afford the tuition of the driving schools, the author naively assumes thatthe high school has the capacity to open a driving course. A drivinginstruction needs fields and professional teacher, which require a huge budget.Therefore, it is entirely possible that the school could not afford for adriving course. Lacking the information about whether the high schools couldprovide a driving course or not, the author's suggestion can not be compelling.
To sum up, the argument is far frompowerful to substantiate the suggestion that every high school should requirethe students to take the its driving courses mandatorily. Before any finaldecisions that are made to open a driving instruction in high school, moreevidences are needed to warrant the author's assumption. |
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发表于 2012-7-3 07:52:07
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