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P1. 讲了对海怪的所谓证据: 过去一些文学作品里老是提到一些sea serpent，被称为sea monster(作者对此的态度是讽刺的.切记第一句有提到skeptic,是指怀疑sea monster传说的人,后面有题目把这个skeptic混淆成那些神化sea monster的人,注意区分)。接着距离说明很多地方有残骸washed ashore. 2001年的例子,2003年的例子,还有提到1988年的例子,(是智利的一个海岸?)说前一次在1988年,后来还有残骸出现.(后面这个有题)。A travel guide mentioned the existence of sea serpents(大蛇／毒蛇based on the recent recovery of huge and amorphous organisms (非晶态生物体）from the ocean（首段有考题，问为啥把这种生物列为海怪？）
下面说这些生物常常被海水冲到海岸边，过去在智利Chile，秘鲁都有发现。还有人把它们描述得像“lobster” 最后说这些文学作品里的描述对科学家有allude（间接）提及However, little was known about the trueidentity of these organisms.
小结：过去对海怪的误解（skeptic)－－海怪的存在的证据(例子）和travel guid 的形容，wirter 得描写
P2. Recent scientificfindings provided unequivocal evidence that these organisms are in fact a type of whale.
说澳洲P这个科学家带领一些研究人员想要研究这种怪物（对Chile Blob的各种研究）。某个生物学家用各种方法检测”海怪“遗骸，因为腐烂，所以他们用了moleculor分子技术检测，采取DNA验证手段. 分析其纤维组织结构也能证明是发现有些残骸证明是抹香鲸(perm whale, cachalot, Blob whale)的很相似.他们想更进一步用DNA检验，但是遗骸腐败严重没有提取到足够的DNA比对。某些样本没法进行DNA分析,因为大多数残骸都年代久远,因此很难提取DNA,但是分析其纤维组织结构也能证明是类似动物身上的组织
近代科学证实确切存在－－对其研究,方法：1.molecular(腐烂，不行） 2. Dna证明类似鲸3. 进一步dna化验（腐烂，dna 不足够，腐烂严重）
结论：类似xx 动物
P3. Due to themystery-mongering(神秘散播）attitude of writers on this topic,这些都要被revised. 但是因为人们比较喜欢mystery的东西，so it may take longer for the general public to accept the fact suggestedby recent scientific findings.
说这种发现解决了一大科学之迷，但是由于writers写的都是读者喜欢看的mystery，所以要让公众接受这个科学发现还需要几年时间。（有题）
外界态度：（wirter: mystery, 读者：喜欢mystery)
结论：还需时间接受
Q1. Which of the following would the author most likely to agreeregarding the travel guide?
The travel guide shares thesame attitude with some writers on this topic.
travel guide (regard as seaserpents)
some writers(mystery-mongeringattitude )
Q2. Which of the following would the author most likely to agreeregarding the organisms recovered from the ocean?
-->They are huge and haveno skeletons or distinctive shapes
为什么这些生物被列为海怪？
我选的是体积庞大而且已经腐烂的找不到骨头了
作者观点：
两个选项：一个是和其他很多writers 的描述一致，另一个说inagreement with scientist P...and his colleagues （注意作者提到这些文学作品时表示态度的词）
为什么引用那个人的话;
说明在这个时候还没有人去研究海怪传说的真实性。
1988年例子之后那个例子说明了什么.
(猜测：海怪存在得证据）
A globster, or blob,is an unidentified organic massthat washes up on the shorelineof an ocean or other body of water. The term was coined by Ivan T. Sanderson in 1962[1]to describe the Tasmaniancarcass of 1960, which was said to have "no visible eyes, nodefined head, and no apparent bone structure". A globster isdistinguished from a normal beached carcass (尸骸）by being hardto identify, at least by initial untrained observers, and by creatingcontroversy as to its identity.
Globsters may present sucha puzzling appearance that their nature remainscontroversial even after being officiallyidentified by scientists. Some globsters lack bones or other recognisable structures,while others may have bones, tentacles,flippers,eyes or other features that can help narrow down the possible species. In thepast these were often described as sea monsters, and mythsand legends about such monsters may often have started with the appearance of aglobster. Globsters are most frequently studied in the field of cryptozoology.
Many globsters haveinitially been described as gigantic octopuses(巨型章鱼）, although they later turned out to be the decayed carcasses of whales or large sharks. As with the "Chilean Blob" of2003, many are masses of whale blubberreleased from decaying whale corpses. Others initially thought to be dead plesiosaurs later turnedout to be the decayed carcases of basking sharks. Othersremain unexplained. Giantand colossal squidmay also explain some globsters, particularly those tentatively identified as monster octopuses.
Some globsters have been examined only after they had decomposed toomuch to be used as evidence for a new species, or have been destroyed, ashappened with the famous "Cadborosauruswillsi" carcass, found in 1937.[2]However, Canadian scientists did in fact perform a DNA analysis of the Newfoundland Blob thatindicated the tissue was from a sperm whale. In theirresulting paper, the authors point out a number of superficial similaritiesbetween the Newfoundland Blob and other famous globsters, concluding a similarorigin for those globsters is likely.[3]Analyses of other globsters have yielded similar results.[4][5] |
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发表于 2012-6-28 21:47:54
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