逻辑大全 A 13 14 B 14 assumption type questions

米米时代007 · 发表于 2012-2-8 11:45:33

The earth’s resources are being depleted much too fast. To correct this, the United States must keep its resource consumption at present levels for many years to come.
13.The argument above depends on which of the following assumptions?
(A) Per capita resource consumption in the United States is at an all-time high.
(B) The United States wastes resources.
(C) The United States uses more resources than any other country.
(D) The United States imports most of the resources it uses.
（E）(E) Curbing U.S. resource consumption will significantly retard world resource depletion.
14.Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the argument above?
(A) New resource deposits are constantly being discovered.
(B) The United States consumes one-third of all resources used in the world.
(C) Other countries need economic development more than the United States does.
(D) Other countries have agreed to hold their resource consumption at present levels.（B）
(E) The United States has been conserving resources for several years.
1. I can't understand what the question stem intends for. Why must America keep its resource consumption for several years? How does that relate to the earth's resource depletion?
2. Can I take strengthen type question as sufficient type question in 14 question above? Does this method apply to all strengthen type question?

14.As an experienced labor organizer and the former head of one of the nation’s most powerful labor unions, Grayson is an excellent choice to chair the new council on business-labor relations.

Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion above?

(A) The new council must have the support of the nation’s labor leaders if it is to succeed.

(B) During his years as a labor leader, Grayson established a record of good relations with business leaders.

(C) The chair of the new council must be a person who can communicate directly with the leaders of the nation’s largest labor unions.

(D) Most of the other members of the new council will be representatives of business management interests.（E）

(E) An understanding of the needs and problems of labor is the only qualification necessary for the job of chairing the new council.
Is this a sufficent assumption question?
I'd apprieciate if you can give me a hand! I've learned a lot from NN Sdcar2010 Thank you!!

sdcar2010 · 发表于 2012-2-8 22:35:31

The earth’s resources are being depleted much too fast. To correct this, the United States must keep its resource consumption at present levels for many years to come.
13.The argument above depends on which of the following assumptions?
(A) Per capita resource consumption in the United States is at an all-time high.
(B) The United States wastes resources.
(C) The United States uses more resources than any other country.
(D) The United States imports most of the resources it uses.
（E）(E) Curbing U.S. resource consumption will significantly retard world resource depletion.
1. I can't understand what the question stem intends for. Why must America keep its resource consumption for several years? How does that relate to the earth's resource depletion?

-- by 会员米米时代007 (2012/2/8 11:45:33)

Premise: The earth’s resources are being depleted much too fast.
Conclusion: To correct this, the United States must keep its resource consumption at present levels for many years to come.

The whole argument says: Since the global consumption of resourcse is growing too fast, the U.S. must keep its consumption of resources steady (not increasing any further) in order to right the course of unchecked growth in global consumption resources.

Necessary assumption. Use negation.
If you negate E), you have Curbing U.S. resource consumption will NOT significantly retard world resource depletion. If this is true, then the conclusion of the passage is wrong! Therefore, E) is the correct answer.

sdcar2010 · 发表于 2012-2-8 22:43:36

The earth’s resources are being depleted much too fast. To correct this, the United States must keep its resource consumption at present levels for many years to come.

14.Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the argument above?
(A) New resource deposits are constantly being discovered.
(B) The United States consumes one-third of all resources used in the world.
(C) Other countries need economic development more than the United States does.
(D) Other countries have agreed to hold their resource consumption at present levels.（B）
(E) The United States has been conserving resources for several years.
2. Can I take strengthen type question as sufficient type question in 14 question above? Does this method apply to all strengthen type question?

-- by 会员米米时代007 (2012/2/8 11:45:33)

For strengthen question, you just need to find something which put the argument in favorable light. Most wrong answers are either irrelevent (out of scope) or 180 (weaken or total opposite) or logically wrong (in the reverse way logically). B) says the U.S. is a big contributor to consumption of resources. This would strengthen the argument that by keeping its consumption in check, the global increase would be curbed somewaht (not as fast as before). Therefore, B) is the answer. Of course, this is not bullet-proof. What if China doubles it consumption! That would be a weakener. However, we do not care about other possibilities. We only focuse on the five choices at hand, and picke the one that supports the conclusion.

sdcar2010 · 发表于 2012-2-8 22:48:01

14.As an experienced labor organizer and the former head of one of the nation’s most powerful labor unions, Grayson is an excellent choice to chair the new council on business-labor relations.

Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion above?

(A) The new council must have the support of the nation’s labor leaders if it is to succeed.
(B) During his years as a labor leader, Grayson established a record of good relations with business leaders.
(C) The chair of the new council must be a person who can communicate directly with the leaders of the nation’s largest labor unions.
(D) Most of the other members of the new council will be representatives of business management interests.（E）(E) An understanding of the needs and problems of labor is the only qualification necessary for the job of chairing the new council.
Is this a sufficent assumption question?

-- by 会员米米时代007 (2012/2/8 11:45:33)

No, it is not. Because it has the word MOST in the question stem. It is a strengthen type question. You can follow the guidelines I mentioned in the above reply. Good luck.

米米时代007 · 发表于 2012-2-9 07:44:23

Thank you for your explanation-now I understand the difference between sufficient assumption questions and strengthen ones better!

lijiazhou · 发表于 2012-4-4 22:23:46

sdcar 大牛， what about the choice C, I think it also strengthens the conclusion and the "only " in E is somewhat absolute

14.As an experienced labor organizer and the former head of one of the nation’s most powerful labor unions, Grayson is an excellent choice to chair the new council on business-labor relations.

Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion above?

(A) The new council must have the support of the nation’s labor leaders if it is to succeed.
(B) During his years as a labor leader, Grayson established a record of good relations with business leaders.
(C) The chair of the new council must be a person who can communicate directly with the leaders of the nation’s largest labor unions.
(D) Most of the other members of the new council will be representatives of business management interests.（E）(E) An understanding of the needs and problems of labor is the only qualification necessary for the job of chairing the new council.
Is this a sufficent assumption question?

-- by 会员米米时代007 (2012/2/8 11:45:33)

No, it is not. Because it has the word MOST in the question stem. It is a strengthen type question. You can follow the guidelines I mentioned in the above reply. Good luck.

-- by 会员 sdcar2010 (2012/2/8 22:48:01)

sdcar2010 · 发表于 2012-4-4 22:49:12

E) is a good answer because the word ONLY removed other, possible requirements for the job. Thus E) is a strengthener.

C) has no impact on the conclusion because we do not know if Grayson "can communicate directly with the leaders of the nation’s largest labor unions" according to the passage.

逻辑大全 A 13 14 B 14 assumption type questions

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