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老prep逻辑题,求指教啊求指教

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发表于 2018-12-24 13:27:09 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式
The higher the level of certain vitamins and minerals in the bloodstream, the better a person's lung function, as measured by the amount of air the person can expel in one second. The lung function of smokers is significantly worse, on average, than that of nonsmokers. Clearly, therefore, one way for smokers to improve their lung function is for them to increase their intake of foods that are rich in these helpful vitamins and minerals.
Which of the following is an assumption on which this argument depends?




a. Smokers are less likely than nonsmokers to have diets that are rich in vitamins and minerals





b.The lung function of smokers whose diets are rich in those vitamins and minerals is generally better than that of nonsmokers with comparable diets.





c. People whose diets are deficient in those vitamins and minerals do not typically have other health problems in addition to diminished lung function.





d. Stopping smoking will not typically improve lung function more than any diet changes can.





e.Smoking does not introduce into the body chemicals that prevent the helpful vitamins and minerals from entering the bloodstream.


我做assumptiontimid方法是选取非后削弱题目结论的选项,d选项取非后“Stopping smoking will  typically improve lung function more than any diet changes can.”就是说戒烟可以比改变饮食更好地提高肺功能,不算是他因削弱吗;还是说不选d是因为文章中没有提到戒烟,到底什么时候该选包含文章中没有提到的内容的选项什么时候不该选呢……感觉好晕








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沙发
发表于 2018-12-25 07:49:54 | 只看该作者
人家说one way to....

然后具体内容是增加富含这些种维他命,矿物质的食物

这题的漏洞就是 :万一吸烟阻止这些东西被吸收呢?你吃的再多也没用,所以咱要消除这样的可能性


D选项纯粹无关,和argument 对不上。
人家观点是:多吃富含那些维生素,矿物质的食物对于吸烟者来说可以做为提高肺功能的一个方法。
而d扯到戒烟...牛头不对马嘴


板凳
发表于 2019-8-26 18:15:05 | 只看该作者
Spot the question type: Necessary Assumption

又來了, 用相關性騙因果。

Core of the argument:

If higher V and C in B, better one's lung ---> amount of air can expel in a second as measurement.

So If smoker get more V and C ---> lung could be improved.

必要假設為何?

1. 抽菸者的血液裡面沒有任何物質阻擋對於V+C的吸收
2. 測量抽菸者一秒鐘吸吐空氣的方式不會有任何變數以及阻礙

看答案吧

A. Not relevant

B. 如果題目改成 ” is not generally better " 可以為答案, 但是答案選項相反。

C. 我們在討論的不是其他的健康問題

D. 跟戒菸完全無關

E. 不就跟我們討論的必要假設完全一樣嗎?
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