狒狒逻辑24题求问

1998JIN · 发表于 2019-9-14 21:07:53

24. The interstitial nucleus, a subregion of the brain’s hypothalamus, is typically smaller for male cats than for female cats. A neurobiologist performed autopsies on male cats who died from disease X, a disease affecting no more than .05 percent of male cats, and found that these male cats had interstitial nuclei that were as large as those generally found in female cats. Thus, the size of the interstitial nucleus determines whether or not male cats can contract disease X.
Which one of the following statements, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
(A) No female cats have been known to contract disease X, which is a subtype of disease Y.
(B) Many male cats who contract disease X also contract disease Z, the cause of which is unknown.
(C) the interstitial nuclei of female cats who contact disease X are larger than those of female cats who do not contract disease X.
(D) Of 1,000 autopsies on male cats who did not contract disease X, 5 revealed interstitial nuclei larger than those of the average male cat.
(E) The hypothalamus is known not to be causally linked to disease Y, and disease X is a subtype of disease Y.

我能选出E 但是想问一下啊B 哪里错了，是因为B 不如 E 所以不选还是因为B 不能削弱呢？
我觉得如果大部分患有X 的都患有Z那，，，不就推不出来the size of the interstitial nucleus是x的原因吗？因为这个也很可能是Z 的原因吧，怎么能确定是X 的病因呢？

kodakharry · 发表于 2019-9-15 14:28:29

选D

1998JIN · 发表于 2019-9-16 19:49:53

kodakharry 发表于 2019-9-15 14:28
选D

为什么？D怎么削弱啊。。？

小丹尼爾 · 发表于 2019-9-18 21:15:58

1. 最后一句中的determines是一种因果关系推论，题干使用相关性推论因果性
2. B，首先【many】 X和Z同时发生，只是相关性的论述，X和Z本身无法推论因果；同时Z的病因未知，Z和size也无法推论因果，B中全部是无法推论的关系；
3. D，HYPO和Y无关，而X是Y的一个子集，即Y的性质，X一定全部都有。Y和HYPO无关，可推知X和HYPO无关，直接削弱了HYPO的一个subregion的size可以determine X 这个结论。(全集和子集的关系)

1998JIN · 发表于 2019-9-23 18:39:05

小丹尼爾发表于 2019-9-18 21:15
1. 最后一句中的determines是一种因果关系推论，题干使用相关性推论因果性
2. B，首先【many】 X和Z同时 ...

同意！

狒狒逻辑24题求问

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