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The ancient Nubians inhabited an area in which typhus occurs, yet surprisingly few of their skeletons show the usual evidence of this disease. The skeletons do show deposits of tetracycline, an antibiotic produced by a bacterium common in Nubian soil. This bacterium can flourish on the dried grain used for making two staples of the Nubian diet, beer and bread. Thus, tetracycline in their food probably explains the low incidence of typhus among ancient Nubians.

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument relies?

正确答案: B

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GWD 18-30

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楼主
发表于 2005-11-15 18:51:00 | 只看该作者

GWD 18-30

Q30:


The ancient Nubians inhabited an area in which typhus occurs, yet surprisingly few of their skeletons show the usual evidence of this disease.  The skeletons do show deposits of tetracycline, an antibiotic produced by a bacterium common in Nubian soil.  This bacterium can flourish on the dried grain used for making two staples of the Nubian diet, beer and bread.  Thus, tetracycline in their food probably explains the low incidence of typhus among ancient Nubians.



Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument relies?




  1. Infectious diseases other than typhus to which the ancient Nubians were exposed are unaffected by tetracycline.

  2. Tetracycline is not rendered ineffective as an antibiotic by exposure to the processes involved in making bread and beer.

  3. Typhus cannot be transmitted by ingesting bread or beer contaminated with the infectious agents of this disease.

  4. Bread and beer were the only items in the diet of the ancient Nubians which could have contained tetracycline.

  5. Typhus is generally fatal.

麻烦解释一下这个题目?

选B
[此贴子已经被作者于2005-11-15 18:52:26编辑过]
沙发
发表于 2005-11-16 08:14:00 | 只看该作者

我来试着翻译一下:


虽然古努比亚人居住在一个伤寒感染区,但十分惊奇的是在他们的骨骼中几乎找不到(曾经感染伤寒)常见的依据。一种有在努比亚的土壤中常见的细菌可以产生四环素,而且在骨骼中也发现遗留有四环素的成分,(进一步发现)这种细菌在努比亚人用于制作2种日常食品(啤酒和干面包)的干缩谷物中非常活跃。因此这些食物中的四环素可以用来解释古努比亚人的伤寒低感染率。


问答案中哪一个是前提


A:四环素对伤寒以外的努比亚人会遇到的传染病无效(无关选项)


B:四环素的抗生素药性不会随着努比亚人的食物加工过程失掉。(正确)


C:伤寒不会通过吃了含有这种病毒的面包或啤酒而感染。(无关)


D:在努比亚认的食物种类中只有面包或者啤酒才能含有四环素。(无关)


E:伤寒一般是无药可医的。(无关)


其实我觉得另外一个更重要的前提是四环素确实可以预防伤寒病。可惜选项没有!



请讨论

板凳
发表于 2006-1-20 10:08:00 | 只看该作者
应该是B取非.如果Te 没有作用, 那ty 应该还在的.
地板
发表于 2006-1-20 15:06:00 | 只看该作者
以下是引用tomasy在2006-1-20 10:08:00的发言:
应该是B取非.如果Te 没有作用, 那ty 应该还在的.

同意

5#
发表于 2006-7-27 18:53:00 | 只看该作者
我认为这题的假设是当那个什么四环素杀死那个细菌后,细菌的尸体就没有了,而四环素还有
6#
发表于 2006-8-9 13:44:00 | 只看该作者
su
7#
发表于 2006-8-24 18:15:00 | 只看该作者

其实我觉得另外一个更重要的前提是四环素确实可以预防伤寒病。可惜选项没有

同意, 这也是其中的一种ASSUMPTION答案常见类型:SUPPORT(填补推理上的概念GAP),

但这题的答案是特孰类型:有点象因果结论型, 我感觉现在好象这种题的思路居多.

因果型结论:ASSUMPTION的方法包括:A。不是其他原因或可能导致该结果。B。结合因果:或有因有果或无果无因。C。因果没颠倒。D显示因果关系的资料是准确。)

分析不知道对不对, 水平有限,....哈!


[此贴子已经被作者于2006-8-24 18:24:57编辑过]
8#
发表于 2006-10-21 22:49:00 | 只看该作者

其实我觉得另外一个更重要的前提是四环素确实可以预防伤寒病。可惜选项没有

同意, 这也是其中的一种ASSUMPTION答案常见类型:SUPPORT(填补推理上的概念GAP),

但这题的答案是特孰类型:有点象因果结论型, 我感觉现在好象这种题的思路居多.

因果型结论:ASSUMPTION的方法包括:A。不是其他原因或可能导致该结果。B。结合因果:或有因有果或无果无因。C。因果没颠倒。D显示因果关系的资料是准确。)

分析不知道对不对, 水平有限,....哈!

强烈支持另外一个更重要的前提是四环素确实可以预防伤寒病,没有这段话似乎断桥了

9#
发表于 2007-8-29 12:10:00 | 只看该作者
up
10#
发表于 2007-8-29 19:41:00 | 只看该作者

    

 


    

这道题是一道前果后因题,结果是The ancient Nubians inhabited an area in which typhus
occurs, yet surprisingly few of their skeletons show the usual evidence of this
disease
,原因是:This
bacterium can flourish on the dried grain used for making two staples of the
Nubian diet, beer and bread. Thus
。这种提醒好像假设题一般都可以选项取非削弱来做的:


    
  1. Infectious diseases other than typhus to which the ancient
         Nubians were exposed are unaffected by tetracycline.
    取非后,别的疾病由tetracycline引起,无关。
  2. Tetracycline is not rendered ineffective as an antibiotic by
         exposure to the processes involved in making bread and beer. 
    刚开始这个选项没读懂,差点漏过去了,tetracycline在做beer后作为抗生素是没有效果的,呵呵,非常好的削弱啦,文中说an antibiotic produced by ……即四环素的作用是作为抗生素,现在说他无用,当然削弱
  3. Typhus cannot be transmitted by ingesting bread or beer
         contaminated with the infectious agents of this disease.
    刚开始差点勉强选了这个。取非后,这种疾病可以通过粘上这种疾病的面包和啤酒传播。刚开始想,你不是说tetracycline在“on the dried grain used for making two staples of the Nubian
         diet, beer and bread
    ”很flourished吗,既然吃了带病菌的啤酒和面包后照样传染,说明tetracycline根本没什么用吗,后来仔细看不对,说的是在dried grain上很flourished,从dried grainbeer还得酿造呢,不是一概念,而且即使传染了,也不能说他没有效果啊。Heheets怎么老师搞这些小聪明,靠我们的月的障碍啊。

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