下面这道理为什么D不可以啊？

yushen311 · 发表于 2012-2-24 16:51:02

Two genes, BRCAl and BRCA2, are linked to hereditary breast cancer. Therefore,

in order to decrease the annual number of mammogram tests administered across a

population and to more accurately assess a woman's individual risk of breast cancer,

all women should be tested for these genes.

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

(A) Some of the women who are tested for the two genes will subsequently undergo

mammograms on a less frequent basis than they used to.

(B) The majority of breast cancer patients have no family history of the disease.

(C) Researchers may have identified a third breast cancer gene that is linked with

hereditary breast cancer.

(D) Women who have these genes have an 80 percent chance of getting breast cancer,

while women who do not have these genes have only a l0 percent chance

of getting breast cancer.
(E) The presence of BRCAl and BRCA2 can explain up to 50 percent of hereditary

cases.

yushen311 · 发表于 2012-2-24 16:52:48

这道题的前提和结论应该怎么划分呢？

yushen311 · 发表于 2012-2-24 17:01:33

有人吗？

yushen311 · 发表于 2012-2-24 17:41:14

maylovemay · 发表于 2012-2-24 19:35:14

前提:Two genes, BRCAl and BRCA2, are linked to hereditary breast cancer.

结论：in order to decrease the annual number of mammogram tests administered across a

population and to more accurately assess a woman's individual risk of breast cancer,

all women should be tested for these genes.

yushen311 · 发表于 2012-2-24 19:46:36

这个明白了。谢谢！
想了很久，得到下面的分析:
这道题要点在于对题目结论的准确把握。结论理解不对，假设就会找错。
仔细看，题目结论其实为：为了两个目的而应检查基因。
蕴含的假设是做检测可以实现那两个目的。
A说做检测可以实现目的(其实是目的之一：即目的之减少基因检测的次数)。因此A是蕴含的假设。
D和E都是支持应该做检测，分别为做检测提供了它的支持理由。但D和E都不能支持做这个检测是为了实现那两个目的。
因此D，E在这里都是不对的。
这道题的难点在于对结论的范围的把握。
结论“应该做检测”和结论“为了实现某个目的，应该做检测”是不一样的。
比如：
结论：有工作的人得了重病应该治。
其假设可以为：重病让人非常难受；病会耽误工作等
而结论：为了不耽误工作，有工作的人得了重病应该治。
其假设则可谓：有工作的人得了重病去治，可以使有工作的人不耽误工作。
“重病让人非常难受”在这里则不是其蕴含的假设。

Paulinepeng30 · 发表于 2012-4-24 20:53:55

这种理解到底的精神值得学习。
受启发者

下面这道理为什么D不可以啊？

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