请教两道Prep13的逻辑题

cruncher · 发表于 2010-5-26 15:17:43

Verbal 21, E

Certain messenger molecules fight damage to the lungs from noxious air by telling the muscle cells encircling the lungs' airways to contract. This partially seals off the lungs. An asthma attack occurs when the messenger molecules are activated unnecessarily, in response to harmless things like pollen or household dust.

Which of the following, if true, points to the most serious flaw of a plan to develop a medication that would prevent asthma attacks by blocking receipt of any messages sent by the messenger molecules referred to above?

[td]Researchers do not yet know how the body produces the messenger molecules that trigger asthma attacks.

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[/tr][td]Researchers do not yet know what makes one person's messenger molecules more easily activated than another's.

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[/tr][td]Such a medication would not become available for several years, because of long lead times in both development and manufacture.

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[/tr][td]Such a medication would be unable to distinguish between messages triggered by pollen and household dust and messages triggered by noxious air.

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[/tr][td]Such a medication would be a preventative only and would be unable to alleviate an asthma attack once it had started.

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Verbal 31 , C

When people evade income taxes by not declaring taxable income, a vicious cycle results. Tax evasion forces lawmakers to raise income tax rates, which causes the tax burden on nonevading taxpayers to become heavier. This, in turn, encourages even more taxpayers to evade income taxes by hiding taxable income.

The vicious cycle described above could not result unless which of the following were true?

[td]An increase in tax rates tends to function as an incentive for taxpayers to try to increase their pretax incomes.

[/td]

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[td]Some methods for detecting tax evaders, and thus recovering some tax revenue lost through evasion, bring in more than they cost, but their success rate varies from year to year.

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[/tr][td]When lawmakers establish income tax rates in order to generate a certain level of revenue, they do not allow adequately for revenue that will be lost through evasion.

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[/tr][td]No one who routinely hides some taxable income can be induced by a lowering of tax rates to stop hiding such income unless fines for evaders are raised at the same time.

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[/tr][td]Taxpayers do not differ from each other with respect to the rate of taxation that will cause them to evade taxes.

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请教两道Prep13的逻辑题

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