prep1-154

語法筆記

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154. (33193-!-item-!-188;#058&006626)
Some patients who do not respond to therapies for depression may simply have received
inadequate treatment, having, for example, been prescribed a drug at a dosage too low to be
effective or having been taken off a drug too soon.
(A) having, for example, been prescribed a drug at a dosage too low to be effective or having been
(B) having, for example, a drug prescription that was ineffective because the dosage was too low,
or being
(C) as, for example, having too low of a dosage of a prescribed drug for it to be effective, or being
(D) when they have, for example, been prescribed too low a drug dosage to be effective, or were
(E) for example, when they have a drug prescription with a dosage too low to be effective, or been
句子结构：Some patients who… may have received inadequate treatment, having been… or having
been…
主语是patients，由who引导的定语从句修饰，宾语是treatment，后由for example引出两个treatment
例子。
考点：平行对称、句子结构
平行对称，句中相同功能的结构并列时尽量做到语态、时态形式上都对称。
句子结构-省略，并列结构中只有功能相同的词才可以省略，要特别注意相同的词在并列时起不同的
作用，比如have 作助动词和实义动词时，就不可以省略。
(A) 正确，having been prescribed… or having been taken off…形式及时态都平行。
(B) having a drug prescription与being taken off不对称，应该都用被动语态。
(C) as连词后面应该跟完整的句子；having… 与being…不对称。
(D) 时态上不对称，现在完成时与过去时并列have been prescribed... or were taken off...；没有表达
原文的意思，因为when...引导的是时间状语从句，是指前面主句所述内容在when...这种情况下发生，
但原文的意思（尤其是用了for example）是列举了两种inadequate treatment的情况（用了动名词形
式），而不是在什么情况下会receive inadequate treatment。
(E) 时态上不对称，与D选项相同；have在本句是实意动词，不能充当or后面需要的助动词have

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完成時的現在分時不是不可以用么，為什么這里a是對的啊，謝謝謝謝！

同问

请问，为何不改为have received..., have been prescribed...,and have been taken off...这样的并列？