prep1-154

HUZ

当然是伴随状语咯。
本题的逻辑是：
have received inadequate treatment具体来讲有很多种可能，举其中的两种为例（for example）：having been prescribed a drug at a dosage too low   或者是   having been taken off a drug too soon。
这里用v.～ing是为了符合伴随状语的形式，用having been而不用being是为了与前面的have received保持时态一致。

-- by 会员 lcy19812000 (2009/3/31 20:23:00)

高见高见，我也是这么理解的。

dldennis

当然是伴随状语咯。
本题的逻辑是：
have received inadequate treatment具体来讲有很多种可能，举其中的两种为例（for example）：having been prescribed a drug at a dosage too low   或者是   having been taken off a drug too soon。
这里用v.～ing是为了符合伴随状语的形式，用having been而不用being是为了与前面的have received保持时态一致。

-- by 会员 lcy19812000 (2009/3/31 20:23:00)

高见高见，我也是这么理解的。

-- by 会员 HUZ (2010/4/5 1:45:19)

agree
而且应该用被动

peter3008

之所以用现在分词被动完成时做伴随状语，是因为主语patients是分词动作的承受者，而且prescribe伴随的句子动作receive已经完成

-- by 会员 leeron (2009/6/20 10:43:00)

如果是用主动也是对的啊，只是逻辑意思有点不一样
patients have received, having been...and having been 表示的是医生prescribe,和take off drugs,patients只是一个动作的承受者。当然patient主动地接受了一个病人被医生prescribe和take off了的一个treatment.
patients have received, having ... and having 表示的是医生给出的treatment本身是没有问题的，但是由于病人自身的缘故，自行prescribe和take off这个动作，但是原文很不幸的不是表达这个意思。所以按照平行来选，不要太多地去思考里面的逻辑含义，容易绕进去

xiaoqiaoli

本题的BCD很容易排除，因为将后面的taken off理解为被动（being和were)，但实际上，take off肯定不是被动形式而是完成时（它的宾语在后面跟着呢）

-- by 会员 ivyfeng (2009/9/24 20:25:00)

正确选项A:

having, for example, been prescribed a drug at a dosage too low to be effective or having been taken off a drug too soon.
这个不是被动语态？是什么？

被动语态这个点应该不是排除点吧。。。。

shakiraxin

动词-ing的形式：
    主动语态                          被动语态
一般式    writing (动词原形+ing)                     being written(being+过去分词)
完成式    having written(having+过去分词)      having been written(having been+过去分词)

如果是一般式的话很好理解 那将会是是prescribing ..and..taking off..做伴随 但是题目中主句 用了完成时have received，所以为了时态一致其后也用完成时 同时动作是被动的 所以用 having been prescribed..... having been taken off

jessegxy

17楼正解！

onlyonyou

明白了...原本看到having been done就砍了...

baixuefei0524

同意，但是请问这里改怎么理解时态呢？
这里做伴随状语（当然是伴随动作而不是伴随结果），通常伴随动作应该是与主语动作同时发生。但是这里主句完成时，伴随还是完成时。这里该如何理解同时发生？
21.Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth ofknowledge over the past twenty years about the brainand its development from birth to adulthood, are nowdrawing solid conclusions about how the human braingrows and how babies acquire language.

(A)Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth ofknowledge over the past twenty years aboutthe brain and its development from birth toadulthood, are

(B)Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth ofknowledge about the brain and its developmentfrom birth to adulthood over the past twentyyears, and are

(C)Neuroscientists amassing a wealth of knowledgeabout the brain and its development from birthto adulthood over the past twenty years, and are

(D)Neuroscientists have amassed a wealth ofknowledge over the past twenty years aboutthe brain and its development from birth toadulthood,

(E)Neuroscientists have amassed, over the pasttwenty years, a wealth of knowledge about thebrain and its development from birth toadulthood,

答案： A


这里DE错误就是因为其结构 Neuroscientists have amassed bla bla over the past 20 yrs, now drawing bla bla. 两个动作所在的timeframes根本就不同。






为什么在这个题里面就讲得通了呢？

当然是伴随状语咯。
本题的逻辑是：
have received inadequate treatment具体来讲有很多种可能，举其中的两种为例（for example）：having been prescribed a drug at a dosage too low   或者是   having been taken off a drug too soon。
这里用v.～ing是为了符合伴随状语的形式，用having been而不用being是为了与前面的have received保持时态一致。

-- by 会员 lcy19812000 (2009/3/31 20:23:00)

teddybearj4

实在是不好意思，短了我这么久才回帖。我就说说我自己的看法吧，open to discuss！

OG 21题的这个having amassed 作的是neuroscientists的noun modifier。这个可以通过它的位置和语意都可以确定。
通过位置来看。这个having amassed的短语是放在主语noun和谓语中间的，即 noun. , noun modifer, Verb。这里的noun modifer可以理解成一个插入语。如果是伴随状语的话一般形式是：clause,ving。

从语意来看，这句话的意思是
Neuroscientists are now drawing solid conclusions about how the human brain grows and how babies acquire language.
What kind of neuroscientists? the ones who have amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood.
这样子理解完之后你发现其实having amassed就是可以改成一个定语从句去理解。

关于前面的TX提到的定语修饰不能有完成时，我不知道有这样的规则，不好评论，但是推测上面应该说的是说那种touch原则的修饰，定语从句什么的都不用去考虑。而这里其实就是一个定语从句的省略，没必要考虑完成时什么的。
LS的疑问应该就是出在把having amassed作伴随状语去了吧？其实它就只是一个noun modifer而已。

同意，但是请问这里改怎么理解时态呢？
这里做伴随状语（当然是伴随动作而不是伴随结果），通常伴随动作应该是与主语动作同时发生。但是这里主句完成时，伴随还是完成时。这里该如何理解同时发生？
21.Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth ofknowledge over the past twenty years about the brainand its development from birth to adulthood, are nowdrawing solid conclusions about how the human braingrows and how babies acquire language.

(A)Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth ofknowledge over the past twenty years aboutthe brain and its development from birth toadulthood, are

(B)Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth ofknowledge about the brain and its developmentfrom birth to adulthood over the past twentyyears, and are

(C)Neuroscientists amassing a wealth of knowledgeabout the brain and its development from birthto adulthood over the past twenty years, and are

(D)Neuroscientists have amassed a wealth ofknowledge over the past twenty years aboutthe brain and its development from birth toadulthood,

(E)Neuroscientists have amassed, over the pasttwenty years, a wealth of knowledge about thebrain and its development from birth toadulthood,

答案： A


这里DE错误就是因为其结构 Neuroscientists have amassed bla bla over the past 20 yrs, nowdrawing bla bla. 两个动作所在的timeframes根本就不同。






为什么在这个题里面就讲得通了呢？

当然是伴随状语咯。
本题的逻辑是：
have received inadequate treatment具体来讲有很多种可能，举其中的两种为例（for example）：having been prescribed a drug at a dosage too low   或者是   having been taken off a drug too soon。
这里用v.～ing是为了符合伴随状语的形式，用having been而不用being是为了与前面的have received保持时态一致。

-- by 会员 lcy19812000 (2009/3/31 20:23:00)

-- by 会员 baixuefei0524 (2012/4/25 13:03:45)

baixuefei0524

Thank you!


    同学，我想我还是没有表达清楚我的想法。我明白你对于OG21A的解释，这里的结构是   S,  V-ING,  VO，这个结构还是比较好理解的，因为V-ING的作用是做定语修饰S。无论是从语法上还是语义上A都是最顺眼的。
    不过，当时很多同学问这道题为什么D或者E，我看到一种比较有道理的解释就是：S have amassed O, drawing sth.  （1）这里having 做伴随动作讲不通，因为have amassed 和drawing不同时发生  （2）drawing修饰前面的entire action做伴随结果更从意思上讲不通。


如果这里的解释是正确的话，这道题的结构：S have received sth, having been sth.从意思上having been sth没法修饰前面的entire action.那就剩下另外一种可能：伴随动作。问题是这里have received和 having been sth可以理解为同时发生？
     

实在是不好意思，短了我这么久才回帖。我就说说我自己的看法吧，open to discuss！

OG 21题的这个having amassed 作的是neuroscientists的noun modifier。这个可以通过它的位置和语意都可以确定。
通过位置来看。这个having amassed的短语是放在主语noun和谓语中间的，即 noun. , noun modifer, Verb。这里的noun modifer可以理解成一个插入语。如果是伴随状语的话一般形式是：clause,ving。

从语意来看，这句话的意思是
Neuroscientists are now drawing solid conclusions about how the human brain grows and how babies acquire language.
What kind of neuroscientists? the ones who have amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood.
这样子理解完之后你发现其实having amassed就是可以改成一个定语从句去理解。

关于前面的TX提到的定语修饰不能有完成时，我不知道有这样的规则，不好评论，但是推测上面应该说的是说那种touch原则的修饰，定语从句什么的都不用去考虑。而这里其实就是一个定语从句的省略，没必要考虑完成时什么的。
LS的疑问应该就是出在把having amassed作伴随状语去了吧？其实它就只是一个noun modifer而已。

同意，但是请问这里改怎么理解时态呢？
这里做伴随状语（当然是伴随动作而不是伴随结果），通常伴随动作应该是与主语动作同时发生。但是这里主句完成时，伴随还是完成时。这里该如何理解同时发生？
21.Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth ofknowledge over the past twenty years about the brainand its development from birth to adulthood, are nowdrawing solid conclusions about how the human braingrows and how babies acquire language.

(A)Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth ofknowledge over the past twenty years aboutthe brain and its development from birth toadulthood, are

(B)Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth ofknowledge about the brain and its developmentfrom birth to adulthood over the past twentyyears, and are

(C)Neuroscientists amassing a wealth of knowledgeabout the brain and its development from birthto adulthood over the past twenty years, and are

(D)Neuroscientists have amassed a wealth ofknowledge over the past twenty years aboutthe brain and its development from birth toadulthood,

(E)Neuroscientists have amassed, over the pasttwenty years, a wealth of knowledge about thebrain and its development from birth toadulthood,

答案： A


这里DE错误就是因为其结构 Neuroscientists have amassed bla bla over the past 20 yrs, nowdrawing bla bla. 两个动作所在的timeframes根本就不同。






为什么在这个题里面就讲得通了呢？

当然是伴随状语咯。
本题的逻辑是：
have received inadequate treatment具体来讲有很多种可能，举其中的两种为例（for example）：having been prescribed a drug at a dosage too low   或者是   having been taken off a drug too soon。
这里用v.～ing是为了符合伴随状语的形式，用having been而不用being是为了与前面的have received保持时态一致。

-- by 会员 lcy19812000 (2009/3/31 20:23:00)

-- by 会员 baixuefei0524 (2012/4/25 13:03:45)

-- by 会员 teddybearj4 (2012/4/27 23:25:15)