关于OG11的一个题目的理解，求助大家

水色青空 · 发表于 2009-11-17 17:21:33

119. Adult female rats who have never before encountered rat pups will start to show maternal behaviors after being confined with a pup for about seven days. This period can be considerably shortened by disabling the female's sense of smell or by removing the scent-producing glands of the pup.
Which of the following hypotheses best explains the contrast described above?
(A) The sense of smell in adult female rats is more acute than that in rat pups.
(B) The amount of scent produced by rat pups increases when they are in the presence of a female rat that did not bear them.
(C) Female rats that have given birth are more affected by olfactory cues than are female rats that have never given birth.
(D) A female rat that has given birth shows maternal behavior toward rat pups that she did not bear more quickly than does a female rat that has never given birth.
(E) The development of a female rat's maternal interest in a rat pup that she did not bear is inhibited by the odor of the pup.

我一直很困惑这个题目要表达的意思，encountered rat pups?这是什么意思啊？我理解成怀孕，是不是错了？所以导致后面推理推得好奇怪啊，另外，文中出现的几个名词adult female rats和pup rats应该不是一个概念吧？谁能帮帮我分析下这个题目要怎么解答？。。。

98. Hotco oil burners, designed to be used in asphalt plants, are so efficient that Hotco will sell one to the Clifton Asphalt plant for no payment other than the cost savings between the total amount the asphalt plant actually paid for oil using its former burner during the last two years and the total amount it will pay for oil using the Hotco burner during the next two years. On installation, the plant will make an estimated payment, which will be adjusted after two years to equal the actual cost savings.

Which of the following, if it occurred, would constitute a disadvantage for Hotco of the plan described above?

(A) Another manufacturer's introduction to the market of a similarly efficient burner
(B) The Clifton Asphalt plant's need for more than one new burner ;:
(C) Very poor efficiency in the Clifton Asphalt plant's old burner
(D) A decrease in the demand for asphalt
(E) A steady increase in the price of oil beginning soon after the new burner is installed

Situiation:Hotco produces a very efficient oil burner. It sells a burner to an asphalt plant, stating that the price of the burner is how much money the plant saves on oil using the new burner.

Reasoning:Hotco will be at a disadvantage if which of the following occurs? Hotco is to be paid based on how much money the plant saves on oil over a two-year period. There is an assumption that a number of factors will remain relatively stable from the previous two years to the next two years. What is a factor that could cause a disadvantage for Hotco? If the price of oil goes up, then the plant will experience smaller savings than Hotco anticipated, despite the plant's using less oil than previously because of its new, more efficient burners. If the plant's savings go down, Hotco will not get the payment it is expecting.

A The burner is already installed, so a competitor is not a problem.
B The plant's need for multiple burners should be an opportunity for Hotco, not a disadvantage.
C If the old burner was very inefficient, the new burner should save a great deal of money that would ultimately go to Hotco.
D If demand decreases, less oil would need to be purchased, and Hotco would get more money.
E Correct. This statement properly identifies a factor that would constitute a disadvantage for the plan: since the payment for the burner is based on savings in oil purchases, any increases in the price of oil will decrease savings and thus decrease payments to Hotco.
The correct answer is E.
对于这道题，有疑问的地方是COST SAVING是个什么概念？按照文中的解释是：between the total amount the asphalt plant actually paid for oil using its former burner during the last two years and the total amount it will pay for oil using the Hotco burner during the next two years.但是逻辑上我好像理解不了这是什么意思？是指原来付清了四年的款项，但是后来的两年比预期少了一部分成本吗？这是我的理解，不知道是否正确？

elysesun · 发表于 2009-11-18 16:47:35

第一题大意是说，从没见过幼鼠的雌鼠在和幼鼠相处七天后才会显出母性。这个过程可通过让雌鼠失去嗅觉或切除的嗅觉腺体来缩短。
让解释这个现象，E的比较合理，幼鼠身上有臭味，所以雌鼠比较不能忍受幼鼠。ｓｏ，雌鼠嗅觉失灵了就没问题了……encountered a pup 我理解为没见过，没生过小老鼠（没见过世面的母老鼠）

第二题的新的burner定价是依赖于plant未来两年的cost saving的。cost saving 是指——之前两年的成本（旧的耗油型的）减去未来两年的成本（采用新的burner后的成本估计值），也就是新burner在未来两年能为plant节省的油钱。
举个例子就是如果采用这种burner以前asphalt plant这种设备每年耗油100元，采用后这种设备将每年耗油80元
那么cost saving 就是2*100-2*80=40
但是这种定价法是建立在未来其他因素不会改变的情况下，但如果油价在未来两年内上涨了，那么cost saving就减少了，所以选E

teddyteddy · 发表于 2009-11-18 17:09:02

補充樓上
119.
A.根據原文,無法推得兩對象的"比較關係"(無關選項)
B.根據原文,無法得知"味道的量"or"條件關係"(無關選項)
C.根據原文,根本沒出現生過的母親，對象錯誤"(無關選項)
D.同C.且無關速度快慢(無關選項)

水色青空 · 发表于 2009-11-19 17:28:57

第一题大意是说，从没见过幼鼠的雌鼠在和幼鼠相处七天后才会显出母性。这个过程可通过让雌鼠失去嗅觉或切除的嗅觉腺体来缩短。
让解释这个现象，E的比较合理，幼鼠身上有臭味，所以雌鼠比较不能忍受幼鼠。ｓｏ，雌鼠嗅觉失灵了就没问题了……encountered a pup 我理解为没见过，没生过小老鼠（没见过世面的母老鼠）
第二题的新的burner定价是依赖于plant未来两年的cost saving的。cost saving 是指——之前两年的成本（旧的耗油型的）减去未来两年的成本（采用新的burner后的成本估计值），也就是新burner在未来两年能为plant节省的油钱。
举个例子就是如果采用这种burner以前asphalt plant这种设备每年耗油100元，采用后这种设备将每年耗油80元
那么cost saving 就是2*100-2*80=40
但是这种定价法是建立在未来其他因素不会改变的情况下，但如果油价在未来两年内上涨了，那么cost saving就减少了，所以选E

-- by 会员 elysesun (2009/11/18 16:47:35)

I GOT IT.

谢谢啦。两个题目都看懂了

尤其是第二题，看来我还是没有理解错，只是走了一点点弯路

呵呵，我的推理方式跟你的还蛮像的

3Q```

水色青空 · 发表于 2009-11-19 17:31:32

谢谢补充~谢谢~

看来N人们做CR的时候对选项都一个个认真分析，学习ING~~

关于OG11的一个题目的理解，求助大家

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