?? NN请帮我看看这2道逻辑题

前一个答案是我选的，后一个是正确答案，不太明白为什么错。

Q19:

Aroca
                        City currently funds its public schools through taxes on property.  In place of this system, the city plans to introduce a sales tax of three percent on all retail sales in the city.  Critics protest that three percent of current retail sales falls short of the amount raised for schools by property taxes.  The critics are correct on this point.  Nevertheless, implementing the plan will probably not reduce the money going to Aroca’s schools.  Several large retailers have selected Aroca
                        City as the site for huge new stores, and these are certain to draw large numbers of shoppers from neighboring municipalities, where sales are taxed at rates of six percent and more.  In consequence, retail sales in Aroca
                            City are bound to increase substantially.

In the argument given, the two potions in boldface play which of the following roles?

1. The first is an objection that has been raised against a certain plan; the second is a prediction that, if accurate, undermines the force of that objection.

2. The first is a criticism, endorsed by the argument, of a funding plan; the second is a point the argument makes in favor of adopting an alternative plan.

3. The first is a criticism, endorsed by the argument, of a funding plan; the second is the main reason cited by the argument for its endorsement of the criticism.

4. The first is a claim that the argument seeks to refute; the second is the main point used by the argument to show that the claim is false.

5. The first is a claim that the argument accepts with certain reservations; the second presents that claim in a rewarding that is not subject to those reservations.

Answer: A  D

Q38:

In one state, all cities and most towns have antismoking ordinances.  A petition entitled “Petition for Statewide Smoking Restriction” is being circulated to voters by campaign workers who ask only, “Do you want to sign a petition for statewide smoking restriction?”  The petition advocates a state law banning smoking in most retail establishments and in government offices that are open to the public.

Which of the following circumstances would make the petition as circulated misleading to voters who understand the proposal as extending the local ordinances statewide?

1. Health costs associated with smoking cause health insurance premiums to rise for everyone and so affect nonsmokers.

2. In rural areas of the state, there are relatively few retail establishments and government offices that are open to the public.

3. The state law would supersede the local antismoking ordinances, which contain stronger bans than the state law does.

4. There is considerable sentiment among voters in most areas of the state for restriction of smoking.

5. The state law would not affect existing local ordinances banning smoking in places where the fire authorities have determined that smoking would constitute a fire hazard.

   Answer: B  E

1st question, my answer is A

2nd question, my answer is C

第一题，觉得第一个粗体是作者反对的结论，critics认为3%的消费税不够用来fund school,

作者反驳说，3%的税的结果会吸引其他镇的人来买东西，所以最后销售的总额会增加 =》 3%的税可能会够支付建学校费用。

所以第二个bold是作者的反驳粗体一的依据。