詢問有關幾題CR-考古

第一題:It is widely assumed that a museum is helped financially when a generous patron donates a potential exhibit.In truth, howerer, donated objects require    storage space, which is not free, and routine conservation, which is rather expensive. Therefore, such gifts exacerbate rather than lighten the demands made on a museum's financial resources.                                                                                                                                                       (A) To keep patrons well disposed, a museum will find it advisable to put at least some donated objects on exhibit rather than merely in storage.                  (E) Objects donated by a patron to a museum are often of such importance that the museum would be obliged to add them to its collection thourgh                purchase of necessary.  我是選A 是認為它可以當作展品展出, 所以可以吸引一些觀眾來參觀,也就增加museu的收入不過答案為(E),但是(E)的答案我看不懂它為何有weaken此argument                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 第二題:Many plant varieties used in industrially developed nations to improve cultivated crops come from less-developed nations. No compensation is paid on the grounds that the plants used are " the common heritage of humanity. " Such reasoning is , however, flawed. After all, no one suggests that coal, oil, and ores should be extracted without payment. Which of the following best describes an aspect of the method used by the author in the argument above? (A) Theauthor proceeds from a number of specific observations to a tentative generallization.(B) The author applies to the case under disscussion facts about phenomena assumed to be similar in some relevant respect.(C)A position is strengthened by showing that the opposite of that position would have logically absurd consequences.(D)A line of reasoning is called into question on the grounds that it confuses cause and effect in a causal relation.(E)An argument is analyzed by separating statements of fact from individual value judgments.答案為(B)                                                               

第一题我也错了，答案E是把捐和买来比，说这个展物实在是很重要，如果不受赠，博物馆就要去买，这一点上看受赠让博物馆helped financially. 选A的话是受到了常识和惯性思维的影响，他并没有说吸引人参观会有收入，而且这个收入会在多大程度上cover保存的成本。

第二题是问这段话的论证方法，题目不难看懂，是用了类比法。