[讨论]跪谢~~~~~~~~~~~大家看看这两个语法

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Surveys have shown that in up to 40 percent of elderly people living independently in affluent

countries, the consumption of one or more essential nutrients is insufficient or they have deficient

levels of these nutrients in their blood.

(A) in up to 40 percent of elderly people living independently in affluent countries, the consumption

of one or more essential nutrients is insufficient or they have

(B) in up to 40 percent of elderly people who live independently in affluent countries, they consume

one or more essential nutrients insufficiently or have

(C) in up to 40 percent of elderly people who live independently in affluent countries, one or more

essential nutrients are consumed insufficiently or having

(D) up to 40 percent of elderly people living independently in affluent countries who consume

insufficient amounts of one or more essential nutrients or who have

(E) up to 40 percent of elderly people who live independently in affluent countries consume

insufficient amounts of one or more essential nutrients or have

句子结构：Surveys have shown that… elderly people… consume… or have…

主语是surveys，谓语是have shown，后跟that引导的宾语从句说明show的内容，宾语从句的主语是

elderly people，由who引导的定语从句修饰，并列谓语是consume和have。

(D) who引导的并列定语从句错误地修饰紧临的名词countries。

(E)  正确，宾语从句谓语结构是elderly people consume or have，who引导定语从句修饰主语。

 (A) finishing high school or having earned equivalency diplomas increased in the last three years of the decade, up to 86.5 percent in 2000 from 85.9 percent in 1999 and

 (A) finishing high school or having earned equivalency diplomas increased in the last three years of the decade, up to 86.5 percent in 2000 from 85.9 percent in 1999 and

 (A) finishing high school or having earned equivalency diplomas increased in the last three years of the decade, up to 86.5 percent in 2000 from 85.9 percent in 1999 and

(B) finishing high school or earning equivalency diplomas, increasing in the last three years of the decade, rising to 86.5 percent in 2000 from 85.9 percent in 1999 and from

(C) having finished high school or earning an equivalency diploma increased in the last three years of the decade, and rose to 86.5 percent in 2000 from 85.9 percent in 1999 and from

(D) who either finished high school or they earned an equivalency diploma, increasing in the last three years of the decade, rose to 86.5 percent in 2000 from 85.9 percent in 1999 and

(E) who finished high school or earned equivalency diplomas increased in the last three years of the decade, to 86.5 percent in 2000 from 85.9 percent in 1999 and

正确答案为E

根据时态平行对称　finishing high school or having earned equivalency diplomas  排除A

                             having finished high school or earning an equivalency diploma 排除C

                             either finished high school or they earned an equivalency diploma 排除D either... or不工整

然后我就根据E中who finished high school or earned equivalency diplomas increased in the last three years of the decade

　　　　　　　　是修饰students的，然而却跟在了United States的后面就排除了E

who为什么在两题中的解释不一样呢？？？

这个牵涉到定语从句的就近修饰原则，一般优先就近修饰，也可以跳跃修饰。

第2题中则跳跃修饰前面students，那其它选项中也有更明显的平行错误，应该排除。所以就E对了.