关于infer和conlusion

dansy · 发表于 2003-12-30 14:16:00

是不是说在infer题里，如果出现和原文一样的话就不可以选，而在conclusion题里就可以？以下面几题为例来说明。
结论题，LSAT-1-I-17
The peculiar evil of silencing the expression of an opinion is that it robs the human race. It takes from posterity, as well as the existing generation, and from those who dissent from the opinion even more than from those who hold it. If the opinion is right, they are deprived of the opportunity of exchanging error for truth; if it is wrong, they lose what is almost as great a benefit: the clearer perception and livelier impression of truth, produced by its collision with error.
Which one of the following best expresses the conclusion presented in the argument?
(A) Silencing the expression of an opinion is robbing the human race.
(B) Silencing the expression of an opinion harms those who dissent more than those who agree.
(C) Anyone who agrees with an opinion would not want to silence its expression.
(D) Gaining a clearer perception and livelier impression of truth is a great benefit.
(E) The greatest benefit is the opportunity of exchanging truth for error.
答案是A。

推断题
LSAT-5-VI_22
The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates the introduction of new therapeutic agents into the marketplace. Consequently, it plays a critical role in improving health care in the United States. While it is those in the academic and government research communities who engage in the long process of initial discovery and clinical testing of new therapeutic agents, it is the FDA’s role and responsibility to facilitate the transfer of new discoveries from the laboratory to the marketplace. Only after the transfer can important new therapies help patients.
Which one of the following statements can be inferred from the passage?
(A) The FDA is responsible for ensuring that any therapeutic agent that is marketed is then regulated.
(B) Before new therapeutic agents reach the marketplace they do not help patients.
(C) The research community is responsible for the excessively long testing period for new drugs, not the FDA.
(D) The FDA should work more closely with researchers to ensure that the quality of therapeutic agents is maintained.
(E) If a new medical discovery has been transferred from the laboratory to the marketplace, it will help patients.
答案是B。我觉得C也对，是不是因为她在句中出现，所以不能作为答案？
但是看这题推断题：
LSAT-1-IV-16
History textbooks frequently need to be revised. The reasons for this are clear: new discoveries of documents and remains, the discovery of mistaken inferences in prior histories, the discovery of previously unnoticed relationships among data, and the application of hitherto undiscovered principles of natural science all may indicate inadequacies in current history texts. Any of these considerations may require that the past be reinterpreted in a manner that is new and more illuminating.
Which one of the following can be inferred from the argument in the passage?
(A) The interpretation of historical events is affected by natural science.
(B) The past is constantly renewed because of illuminating reinterpretations.
(C) History books are outdated as soon as they are written.
(D) Natural scientists also function as historians.
(E) Historians’ mistaken inferences are caused by unnoticed relationships among data.
答案是A，却是原文重复啊？

番茄炒蛋 · 发表于 2003-12-30 22:40:00

这是什么做题得方法啊，呵呵，真是难得一见
你能推出来就可以了嘛，哪有什么一定得啊
考试没有这么麻烦得，比LSAT得简单得多

dansy · 发表于 2003-12-31 09:35:00

我知道这不是一定的，麻烦谁能讲解一下。尤其是第二题，为何不能选C？谢谢。

番茄炒蛋 · 发表于 2003-12-31 13:58:00

原文的最后一句不是说的很清楚了吗
Only after the transfer can important new therapies help patients.
而没有这个transfer药品又不能reach the marketplace
所以可以推出Before new therapeutic agents reach the marketplace they do not help patients

dansy · 发表于 2003-12-31 14:30:00

番茄炒蛋啊，我知道B对，我只是觉得C没有错，它不能作为答案是不是因为它在原文出现所以不能作为“推论”的答案？

anyway, thx for ur time and attention to this. Happy New Year!

qww · 发表于 2003-12-31 18:00:00

第二题，C不对，因为C的前半句正确但后半句 not the FDA，从原文推不出来。原文并没有说FDA不能进行长期的对新药的实验周期。

dansy · 发表于 2003-12-31 18:11:00

谢谢qww GG.
原文中说“ While it is those in the academic and government research communities who engage in the long process of initial discovery and clinical testing of new therapeutic agents, it is the FDA’s role and responsibility to facilitate the transfer of new discoveries from the laboratory to the marketplace。”总让我觉得research communities and FDA是各司其职的呀。

qww · 发表于 2003-12-31 18:34:00

ETS伎俩有限，有些选项有凑出来的嫌隙，不要加上过多的自己的意识，有些老外的意识和我们不同的。除题目之外的不要多想。
新年愉快！

mindfree · 发表于 2004-1-1 10:08:00

C is totally wrong. There is nowhere in the question you can find "excessively long process". C says the comittee is responsible for the excessively long process. In another word, it says the comittees are to blame for prolonging the process. This is a meaning that the question did not address at all. In nowhere the question said that the process is excessively long.

dansy · 发表于 2004-1-1 13:22:00

噢，恍然大悟。多谢总教头指点。

关于infer和conlusion

关于infer和conlusion

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