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In a 1984 book, Claire C.
Robertson argued that,
before colonialism, age was
a more important indicator
of status and authority than
gender in Ghana and in
Africa generally. British
colonialism imposed
European-style male
dominant notions upon
more egalitarian local
situations to the detriment
of women generally, and
gender became a defining
characteristic that weakened women’s power and
authority. Subsequent research in
Kenya convinced Robertson
that she had overgeneralized
about Africa. Before colonialism, gender was more
salient in central Kenya than
it was in Ghana, although age was still crucial in determining authority. In contrast with Ghana, where women had
traded for hundreds of years
and achieved legal majority
(not unrelated phenomena),
the evidence regarding
central Kenya indicated that
women were legal minors
and were sometimes treated
as male property, as were
European women at that
time. Factors like strong
patrilinearity and patrilocality,
as well as women’s inferior
land rights and lesser
involvement in trade, made
women more dependent on
men than was generally the
case in Ghana. However,
since age apparently
remained the overriding
principle of social organization in central Kenya, some
senior women had much
authority. Thus, Robertson
revised her hypothesis
somewhat, arguing that
in determining authority in
precolonial Africa age was a
primary principle that superseded gender to varying
degrees depending on the
situation.
Q4: The passage indicates that Robertson’s research in Kenya caused her to change her mind regarding which of the following? - Whether age was the prevailing principle of social organization in Kenya before colonialism
- Whether gender was the primary determinant of social authority in Africa generally before colonialism
- Whether it was only after colonialism that gender became a significant determinant of authority in Kenyan society
- Whether age was a crucial factor determining authority in Africa after colonialism
- Whether British colonialism imposed European-style male-dominant notions upon local situations in Ghana
Q5: The passage suggests that after conducting the research mentioned in line 18, but not before, Robertson would have agreed with which of the following about women’s status and authority in Ghana? - Greater land rights and greater involvement in trade made women in precolonial Ghana less dependent on men than were European women at that time.
- Colonialism had a greater impact on the status and authority of Ghanaian women than on Kenyan women.
- Colonialism had less of an impact on the status and authority of Ghanaian women that it had on the status and authority of other African women.
- The relative independence of Ghanaian women prior to colonialism was unique in Africa.
- Before colonialism, the status and authority of Ghanaian women was similar to that of Kenyan women.
Q4 和Q5的答案是什么啊？ 为什么这样选？Q5问的是什么意思啊？
Q4 和Q5的答案是什么啊？ 为什么这样选？Q5问的是什么意思啊？
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发表于 2007-2-1 07:41:00
