OG122

请问各位 大牛，OG122的5个选项到底都是什么中文意思？题目看懂了，但选项都无法理解。

122. When people evade income taxes by not declaring taxable income, a vicious cycle results. Tax evasion forces lawmakers to raise income tax rates, which causes the tax burden on nonevading taxpayers to become heavier. This, in turn, encourages even more taxpayers to evade income taxes by hiding taxable income.

The vicious cycle described above could not result unless which of the following were true?

(A) An increase in tax rates tends to function as an incentive for taxpayers to try to increase their pretax incomes.

(B) Some methods for detecting tax evaders, and thus recovering some tax revenue lost through evasion, bring in more than they cost, but their success rate varies from years to year.

(C) When lawmakers establish income tax rates in order to generate a certain level of revenue, they do not allow adequately for revenue that will be lost through evasion.

(D) No one who routinely hides some taxable income can be induced by a lowering of tax rates to stop hiding such income unless fines for evaders are raised at the same time. C

(E) Taxpayers do not differ from each other with respect to the rate of taxation that will cause them to evade taxes.

同问。发现了自己的问题，对逻辑很多时候，题目读的清楚，但问题读不清楚。

这个题目我是这么理解的：

逃税的人存在——>提高收入税收的比例——>使得不逃税的人的负担增加——>更多的人逃税。

不明白The vicious cycle described above could not result unless which of the following were true?应该怎么理解？

发现自己很多时候对于A COULD NOT beTURE UNLESS B is ture的理解不是很确定。我的理解是A不能成立除非B成立。

C是正确的，如果政府在确定税率前就考虑到逃税这块儿，就不会因为税收无法满足预算而加税，也就不会出现恶性循环（Vicious Cycle)。

C的意思是政府没有充分考虑逃税对收入的影响，所以会造成Vicious Cycle.

本题的难点之一是对allow一词含义的理解，这里的意思是预留，预先考虑到的意思，不是允许的意思。

我的理解

X.逃税－－－》Y.提高税收－－－》Z.更多人逃税（加重逃税的现象）

循环成立的第一步，就是 tax evasion should definitely lead to income tax increase,

(C)讲税收制定者没有充分考虑提高税收的负面影响（Z.反而减少revenue）； 当充分考虑了，X-->Y的联结就失败，循环就死会。

(E)讲的是Y-->Z的过程，个人觉得这个已经要建立在C的基础上；

作为assumption题，C选项优于E,因为C论证的是推理更前面的环节。

Hope helpful

已经理解了。非常感谢