GWD6-16,GWD6-28能解释一下吗？越做越差。。。

Historian:  Newton developed mathematical concepts and techniques that
are fundamental to modern calculus. 
Leibniz developed closely analogous concepts and techniques.  It has traditionally been thought that
these discoveries were independent. 
Researchers have, however, recently discovered notes of Leibniz’ that
discuss one of Newton’s books on mathematics.  Several scholars have argued that since the book includes a
presentation of Newton’s calculus concepts and techniques, and since the
notes were written before Leibniz’ own development of calculus concepts and
techniques, it is virtually certain that the
traditional view is false.  A more
cautious conclusion than this is called for, however.  Leibniz’ notes are limited to early sections of Newton’s
book, sections that precede the ones in which Newton’s calculus concepts and
techniques are presented.

In the historian’s reasoning, the two
boldfaced portions play which of the following roles?

  
1. The first provides evidence in support of the overall position
        that the historian defends; the second is evidence that has been used to
        support an opposing position.

  
2. The first provides evidence in support of the overall position
        that the historian defends; the second is that position.

  
3. The first provides evidence in support of an intermediate
        conclusion that is drawn to provide support for the overall position that
        the historian defends; the second provides evidence against that
        intermediate conclusion.

  
4. The first is evidence that has been used to support a
        conclusion that the historian criticizes; the second is evidence offered
        in support of the historian’s own position.

  
5. The first is evidence that has been used to support a
        conclusion that the historian criticizes; the second is further
        information that substantiates that evidence.

 

q16:"  Several scholars have argued that since the book includes a presentation of Newton’s calculus concepts and techniques, and since the notes were written before Leibniz’ own development of calculus concepts and techniques, it is virtually certain that the traditional view is false.  "从这句话可以看出，scholars argued
                。。。。是因为the notes were written before Leibniz’ own development of calculus concepts and techniques，

所以，第一个boldfaced就是给scholars argued的内容提供依据,也就是提供evidence support a conclusion that the historian criticizes.

" it is virtually certain that the traditional view is false. " 这句话是作者自己的结论。而后面紧跟着“A more cautious conclusion than this is called for”，这就说明后面所说的还是作者自己的结论.所以，后面一个boldfaced就是给作者自己的结论提供evidence.

所以选D,

 AB错在the overall position that the historian defends

C错在an intermediate conclusion

D错在the second is further information that substantiates that evidence

依题意可以得出下面的式子：

设 hotels in Springfield 人数为Sh

设hotels in Harristown 人数为Hh

设the largest hotel in Harristown 人数为Hhl

设Royal Arms Hotel in Springfield人数为Shr

所以可得：Sh>Hh>Hhl>Shr

B选项说the Royal Arms Hotel is the only hotel in Springfield ，也就是说Shr=Sh,很显然，不符合题意，所以错了。

the second is evidence offered in support of the historian’s own position. 这个不是说前人的意见吗?这个不是作者的意见吧?

哈哈,我不是对错答案,我是打错答案了~我看着我自己选的答案写上去了,我改了...
谢谢你解释喔,不过你也打错选号了,呵呵.把E打成了D了.

谢谢解释~~~

正是过去人的观点：两人同时发明的。