The percentage of households with an annual income of more than $40,000 is higher in Merton county than in any other county. However, the percentage of households with an annual income of $60,000 or more is highest in Sommer county. If the statements above are true, which of the following can properly be concluded on the basis of them? B. Some households in Merton county have an annual income between $40,000 and $60,000 E. The percentage of households with an annual income of $80,000 is higher in Sommer than in Merton county. the key:E 帮忙区分一下这两个选项，为什么B不对？ In Kravonia, the average salary for jobs requiring a college degree has always been higher than the average salary for jobs that do not require a degree. Current enrollments in Kravonia’s colleges indicate that over the next four years the percentage of the Kravonian workforce with college degrees will increase dramatically. Therefore, the average salary for all workers in Kravonia is likely to increase over the next four years. Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
C. The higher average salary for jobs requiring a college degree is not due largely to a scarcity among the Kravonian workforce of people with a college degree. D. The average salary in Kravonia for jobs that do not require a college degree will not increase over the next four years. the key:C 这两个选项如何区分？D取非难道不是对于原文推理的他因削弱吗？（原文不是说with degree的人多了--〉工资高了，D取非不是再说without degree的人的工资高了吗？对不？请指正谢谢）
[face=Verdana]抱歉迟到！ The percentage of households with an annual income of more than $40,000 is higher in Merton county than in any other county. However, the percentage of households with an annual income of $60,000 or more is highest in Sommer county. If the statements above are true, which of the following can properly be concluded on the basis of them? B. Some households in Merton county have an annual income between $40,000 and $60,000 E. The percentage of households with an annual income of $80,000 is higher in Sommer than in Merton county. the key:E 帮忙区分一下这两个选项，为什么B不对？ ----------------------------------------------------------- 这道题的答案就是B。 首先B的正确性在于： The percentage of households with an annual income of more than $40,000 is higher in Merton county than in any other county. 说明存在大量年收超过40K的家庭； the percentage of households with an annual income of $60,000 or more is highest in Sommer county.说明这些超过40k的家庭中只有较少的部分年收超过60K; 所以通过以上的判断至少我们可以推出年收在40-60k家庭的存在。
[face=Verdana]In Kravonia, the average salary for jobs requiring a college degree has always been higher than the average salary for jobs that do not require a degree. Current enrollments in Kravonia’s colleges indicate that over the next four years the percentage of the Kravonian workforce with college degrees will increase dramatically. Therefore, the average salary for all workers in Kravonia is likely to increase over the next four years. Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
C. The higher average salary for jobs requiring a college degree is not due largely to a scarcity among the Kravonian workforce of people with a college degree. D. The average salary in Kravonia for jobs that do not require a college degree will not increase over the next four years. the key:C 这两个选项如何区分？D取非难道不是对于原文推理的他因削弱吗？（原文不是说with degree的人多了--〉工资高了，D取非不是再说without degree的人的工资高了吗？对不？请指正谢谢） ------------------------------------------------------------------ 答案的确就是C，好像这一点没有疑问。
问题在于D为什么不是答案。可以从两个方面考虑： 1、取反： jobs without degree will increase.对原文没有任何影响，况且我们不知道从事这种工作人数的增减，更加没法判断。因此不是假设。注意假设取反必须彻底否定原命题才可以，单纯削弱都不行。
2、直接看。假设形式中包括其他因素有两种：一种是它因不存在形成假设；另外一种就是其它因素配合型构成假设，注意此时的其他因素并不构成原命题的它因。此题中 job without degree 相对于原命题：jobs with degree increase => average salary increase 是其他因素，但是它是否增加对原来命题的成立没有任何影响，因此不构成假设。需要注意的是：如果把D中的increase换成decrease,即D变成： The average salary in Kravonia for jobs that do not require a college degree will not decrease over the next four years.
回答我自己提出的问题： ------------------------------ 需要注意的是：如果把D中的increase换成decrease,即D变成： The average salary in Kravonia for jobs that do not require a college degree will not decrease over the next four years.
这时候你觉得它是不是假设？ -----------------------------
我的回答是，这时候 The average salary in Kravonia for jobs that do not require a college degree will not decrease over the next four years. 对原命题不是假设，而只是一个加强。因为取非后对远命题只是一个削弱，没有否定。[/face]
以下是引用dorbear在2003-11-2 13:27:00的发言： [face=Verdana]You are welcome.
回答我自己提出的问题： ------------------------------ 需要注意的是：如果把D中的increase换成decrease,即D变成： The average salary in Kravonia for jobs that do not require a college degree will not decrease over the next four years.
这时候你觉得它是不是假设？ -----------------------------
我的回答是，这时候 The average salary in Kravonia for jobs that do not require a college degree will not decrease over the next four years. 对原命题不是假设，而只是一个加强。因为取非后对远命题只是一个削弱，没有否定。[/face]
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发表于 2003-11-1 21:03:00
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