求教feifei第12题

12. The only physical factor preventing a human journey to Mars has been weight. Carrying enough fuel to propel a conventional spacecraft to Mars and back would make even the lightest craft too heavy to be launched from Earth. A device has recently been invented, however, that allows an otherwise conventional spacecraft to refill the craft’s fuel tanks with fuel manufactured from the Martian atmosphere for the return trip. Therefore, it is possible for people to go to Mars in a spacecraft that carries this device and then return.

Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

A.        The amount of fuel needed for a spacecraft to return from Mars is the same as the amount of fuel needed to travel from Earth to Mars.

B.        The fuel manufactured from the Martian atmosphere would not differ in composition from the fuel used to travel to Mars.

C.        The device for manufacturing fuel from the Martian atmosphere would not take up any of the spaceship crew’s living space.

D.       A conventional spacecraft equipped with the device would not be appreciably more expensive to construct than current spacecraft typically are.

E.    The device for manufacturing fuel for the return to Earth weighs less than the tanks of fuel that a conventional spacecraft would otherwise need to carry from Earth for the return trip.

答案是E，为什么B不可以？If The fuel is different, can a spacecraft fly back to earth?

17. Psychologist: Some astrologers claim that our horoscopes completely determine our personalities, but this claim is false, I concede that identical twins---who are, of course, born at practically the same time---often do have similar personalities. However, birth records were examined to find two individuals who were born 40 years ago on the same day and at exactly the same time---one in a hospital in Toronto and one in a hospital in New York. Personalities of these two individuals are in fact different.

Which one of the following is an assumption on which the psychologist’s argument depends?

A.        Astrologers have not subjected their claims to rigorous experimentation.

B.        The personality differences between the two individuals cannot be explained by the cultural difference between Toronto and New York.

C.        The geographical difference between Toronto and New York did not result in the two individuals having different horoscopes.

D.       Complete birth records for the past 40 years were kept at both hospitals.

E.    Identical twins have identical genetic structures and usually have similar home environments.

答案是C。我觉得b也挺有道理的,为什么不对呢？谢谢.

this argument is about the relationship between weight and fule,Because of the heavy weight,an manchnisim has been invented to convert the atomsphere of the MARS so that we can return to EARTH.

In choice E descirbe a relation ship between the weight and fule which is the warrant for the spacecarft coming back to the earth.

In choice B,as the passage discussed,"fuel manufactured from the Martian atmosphere for the return trip."fule is the same ,there is no need to convert different fules that would make difficulites in the process in coming back to earth from MARS.Fianlly,choice B seems to irrelevant to the arguemt at all.

斑竹，谢谢了。能不能再帮我看看第17题。

the psychologist wants to show that the personality differences are not determined by horoscope, but by other factors.
so the cultural differences between the two places should account for the personality differences of the two persons.