再问一道RC OG 题

再问一道RC OG 题
passage 42. q 126
answer 是D , 但哪里看出 to argue that the existing social system should be maintained  的意思了?

126. The passage suggests that the author of the passage
believes which of the following?
(A) The predominance of individualist feminism in
English-speaking countries is a historical
phenomenon, the causes of which have not yet
been investigated.
(B) The individualist and relational feminist views are
irreconcilable, given their theoretical differences
concerning the foundations of society.
(C) A consensus concerning the direction of future
feminist politics will probably soon emerge, given
the awareness among feminists of the need for
cooperation among women.
(D) Political adversaries of feminism often misuse
arguments predicated on differences between the
sexes to argue that the existing social system
should be maintained.
(E) Relational feminism provides the best theoretical
framework for contemporary feminist politics, but
individualist feminism could contribute much
toward refining and strengthening modern feminist
thought.

126.
The best answer is D. In lines 38-41 of the passage, the author contends that a significant liability
of relational arguments is that “because they underline women’s physiological and psychological
distinctiveness, they are often appropriated by political adversaries and used to endorse male
privilege.” Therefore, D states an idea with which the author would likely concur. Choice A is
contradicted by the passage: the author attributes the predominance of individualist feminism in
English-speaking countries to Anglo-Saxon legal and political tradition. Choice B is incorrect: the
passage does not suggest that the author believes that individualist and relational feminism their
eventual reconciliation. There is no indication in the passage that the author would be likely to
agree with the statements given in C and E.

原文再次

Passage 42
Two modes of argumentation have been used on
behalf of women’s emancipation in Western societies.
Arguments in what could be called the “relational”
feminist tradition maintain the doctrine of “equality in
(5) difference,” or equity as distinct for equality. They
posit that biological distinctions between the sexes
result in a necessary sexual division of labor in the
family and throughout society and that women’s procreative
labor is currently undervalued by society, to
(10) the disadvantage of women. By contrast, the individualist
feminist tradition emphasizes individual human rights
and celebrates women’s quest for personal autonomy,
while downplaying the importance of gender roles and
minimizing discussion of childbearing and its attendant
(15) responsibilities.
Before the late nineteenth century, these views
coexisted within the feminist movement, often within
the writings of the same individual. Between 1890 nd
1920, however, relational feminism, which had been the
(20) dominant strain in feminist thought, and which still predominates
among European and non-Western feminists,
lost ground in England and the United States. Because
the concept of individual rights was already well established
in the Anglo-Saxon legal and political tradition,
(25) individualist feminism came to predominate in Englishspeaking
countries. At the same time, the goals of the
two approaches began to seem increasingly irreconcilable.
Individualist feminists began to advocate a totally
gender-blind system with equal rights for all. Relational
(30) feminists, while agreeing that equal educational and
economic opportunities outside the home should be available
for all women, continued to emphasize women’s
special contributions to society as homemakers and
mothers; they demanded special treatment
(35) including protective legislation for women workers,
state-sponsored maternity benefits, and paid compensa256
tion for housework.
Relational arguments have a major pitfall: because
they underline women’s physiological and psychological
(40) distinctiveness, they are often appropriated by political
adversaries and used to endorse male privilege. But the
individualist approach, by attacking gender roles, denying
the significance of physiological difference, and
condemning existing familial institutions as hopelessly
(45) patriarchal, has often simply treated as irrelevant the
family roles important to many women. If the individualist
framework, with its claim for women’s autonomy,
could be harmonized with the family-oriented concerns
of relational feminists, a more fruitful model for con-
(50) temporary feminist politics could emerge.