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1.CR
1.In a certain village, a highly valuable species of fish has been increasingly targeted by poachers. To combat this, the village enhanced its patrols and imposed hefty fines as per national policies, with the expectation that these measures would significantly reduce poaching activities." Which of the following, if true, most weakens the argument that the new measures will effectively reduce poaching? A) The local government has constructed a facility to deter poachers more effectively. B) The new measures have made the fishing spot more accessible to poachers, unintentionally facilitating poaching. C) Most villagers who are not fishermen are unwilling to participate in the patrols. D) The enhanced security measures have led to an increase in the price of the fish, making poaching even more lucrative. E) The equipment used for anti-poaching has advanced to the extent that it outweighs the incentives for poaching. 2."Archaeologists discovered human and cat skeletons on an island, dating back years ago, leading to the conclusion that cats were brought to the island by Egyptians who sailed there. This challenges the previously held belief that Egyptians began keeping cats as pets only years ago. What assumption underlies this conclusion?" A) There is evidence that Egyptians had the capability to sail to the island years ago. B) The method of burial for both the human and cat skeletons suggests a shared cultural practice of that era. C) Cat domestication in Egypt can be traced back to even earlier than years ago. D) The skeletons of humans and cats found together are representative of common practices at the time, not an isolated incident. E) No other civilization apart from the Egyptians had the practice of keeping cats as pets at that time.
答案: dd
2.RC During Ellington's tenure at the Mills organization, the promotion of vocal tunes took precedence over all other aspects of the music business. The sale of sheet music was driven by hit vocal tunes, and according to Paul Mills and other sources, the greatest profit was derived from promoting songs rather than specific recordings. It was uncommon for an African American musician/composer to participate in this Tin Pan Alley-dominated process, which resulted in songs being covered by a diverse range of artists across various genres. However, this aligned perfectly with the marketing strategy for Ellington, which held that African American music represented a potentially popular genre. Mills Music commissioned lyrics for many of Ellington's instrumentals, and a few of them, such as "In My Solitude" and "I Let a Song Go Out Of My Heart," became his most significant hits of the decade. Among other contemporary African Americans, perhaps only Fats Waller, who had some of his copyrights handled by Mills, enjoyed the same advantages and presence in the songwriting marketplace that Ellington received during his tenure with Mills Music. Although Louis Armstrong had two songbooks dedicated to his work in 1927, four years before Mills published songbooks that collected Ellington material, Armstrong's folios emphasized his famed "hot" instrumental breaks and were intended for trumpet players rather than the mass commercial market targeted by Mills for Ellington's work. The Mills organization made Ellington's sheet music available in multiple formats that catered to individual musicians and bands of various sizes. The marketing of Ellington's sheet music also represented a form of integration practiced by the Mills organization to increase Ellington's commercial potential. Advertisements accompanying his sheet music featured cross-promotions with either exclusively or mostly white songwriters and artists. Such racial cross-promotion was uncommon in any facet of the industry and must have advanced Ellington's work with a white audience, particularly notation-reading musicians who were more inclined to appreciate the sophisticated nature of Ellington's material compared to the typical Tin Pan Alley fare. Conversely, such cross-promotion may have increased the sales of the white songwriters whom Mills Music marketed alongside Ellington. As a star and performer, it appears that Mills leveraged Ellington's fame to cast a favorable light on other Mills-managed performers and composers. However, Ellington's extended pieces, which he began writing in 1930, proved to be an area where economic motives did not seamlessly align with artistic motives. There were several reasons for the relative commercial failure of these pieces. Until the mid-1940s, publishers tended to refuse songs that exceeded 32 bars in length. Not only were they too long for the standard 10" 78 RPM record format, but they also required additional pages in printed sheet music, resulting in a more expensive and less marketable product. Furthermore, even if the public purchased sheet music for extended pieces like "Creole Rhapsody" and "Reminiscing In Tempo," most musicians would find it difficult or impossible to reproduce the intricate complexity of Ellington's arrangements and the unique timbres of his instrumentalists. Ellington composed these pieces with his band's individual talents in mind, and those musicians were among the finest in jazz history. The fact that radio programmers deemed such pieces too long did not contribute to their popularity either. The segregation between popular and classical music further complicated the immediate success of the longer pieces. When Mills Music began publishing classical folios, some customers refused to purchase from them because they also sold popular music, even though their versions were less expensive and had better engraving. Paul Mills's father-in-law, a conductor, used different names when working on classical radio programs and popular music programs. According to Paul Mills, "You couldn't even use the same name playing two different kinds of music. It was that much of a difference." Ellington's extended works challenged the societal segments that insisted on a strict separation between popular and classical music. Their relaxed and charming transgression of the three-minute barriers of pop and jazz recording, along with their uniquely Ellingtonian straddling of pop, jazz, and classical idioms, established them as some of the most fresh and intriguing pieces in the Ellington canon, even decades later. Tracks like "Creole" and "Reminiscing" deserved the application of the 12-inch format but were instead released on 10-inch discs, which meant that listeners could not hear them in their entirety without interrupting the composition midway and turning the record over. With their shifting tempos and unpredictable transitions, these pieces represented a musical adventure. They were and remain examples of the kind of emotional and intricately plotted-out music that rewards repeated listenings and careful attention, like the best music of any genre. Through these longer works, Ellington demonstrated the nearsightedness of the tenets of segregation in the realm of music, as well as race. Irving Mills fought resistant record companies to release the extended Ellington pieces "Cotton Club Medley" and "Reminiscing," which Brunswick initially threatened to delete. Mills did this despite feeling that "Reminiscing" represented a "wrong direction" and "never should have been released." John Hammond, who called the piece "formless and shallow," believed that Ellington's resistance to writing extended works stemmed from his desire to maintain a lucrative relationship with the Mills organization and avoid alienating his audience. 1. What was the primary focus of promotion during Ellington's tenure at the Mills organization? A) Instrumental tunes B) Vocal tunes C) Particular recordings D) African American composers E) Classical music 2. Which of the following best describes the marketing strategy employed by the Mills organization for Ellington's sheet music? A) Targeting exclusively African American audiences B) Focusing on instrumental breaks for trumpet players C) Limiting the formats in which sheet music was available D) Featuring cross-promotions with white songwriters and artists E) Emphasizing the simplicity of Ellington's compositions 3. What was the main reason for the relative commercial failure of Ellington's extended pieces? A) Lack of public interest in purchasing sheet music B) Difficulty in reproducing Ellington's arrangements and unique timbres C) Resistance from radio programmers due to the length of the pieces D) Segregation between popular and classical music E) All of the above 4. According to the passage, how did Ellington's extended works challenge the societal norms of the time? A) By blurring the lines between popular and classical music B) By featuring exclusively African American musicians C) By incorporating elements of European classical music D) By adhering to the three-minute barriers of pop and jazz recording E) By focusing on instrumental pieces rather than vocal tunes 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A) Ellington's extended pieces were his most significant contributions to music. B) The Mills organization played a crucial role in promoting Ellington's music to a wider audience. C) Ellington's music challenged the segregation and limitations imposed by the music industry and society. D) The collaboration between Ellington and Mills was driven solely by economic motives. E) Ellington's extended pieces were a commercial failure due to their lack of artistic merit.
答案: BDEAC
3.Di In recent years, as China's economy has rapidly developed and urbanization has accelerated, the problem of urban traffic congestion has become increasingly severe. To alleviate traffic pressure, many cities have been vigorously developing public transportation systems. Taking Beijing as an example, in 2019, the total length of the city's rail transit network reached 699.3 kilometers, ranking among the top in the world. At the same time, the mileage of dedicated bus lanes also reached 1,050 kilometers. Despite this, Beijing's traffic congestion problem has still not been fundamentally alleviated.
According to data from the Beijing Transportation Commission, in 2019, the number of motor vehicles in Beijing reached 5.94 million, with private cars accounting for more than 80%. The rapid growth in the number of motor vehicles is one of the main reasons for the traffic congestion. In addition, the unreasonable choice of travel mode has also exacerbated the congestion problem. Data shows that in 2019, the proportion of car trips in Beijing's central urban area was as high as 34.8%, while the proportion of public transportation trips was only 38.9%.
To further optimize urban transportation, the Beijing municipal government has introduced a series of policies and measures. In 2018, Beijing began to implement the "Eight Articles" traffic new policy, including small passenger car index lottery, out-of-town car restrictions, increasing the proportion of public transportation trips, etc. According to the plan, by 2022, the proportion of public transportation in motorized travel in Beijing should reach more than 65%.
While encouraging public transportation, Beijing is also vigorously developing intelligent transportation and green travel. At present, Beijing has built an urban traffic information collection network consisting of more than 4,800 video probes, more than 12,000 electronic police, and more than 2,000 induction screens, realizing real-time monitoring of more than 90% of the city's roads. As of the end of 2019, the number of new energy vehicles in Beijing reached 409,000, accounting for 12% of the country's total new energy vehicles, ranking first in the country.
However, experts point out that relying solely on government investment and policy regulation cannot fundamentally solve urban traffic problems. Improving citizens' awareness of traffic rules, optimizing urban planning and layout, and improving public service supporting facilities are all indispensable links in building a sustainable urban transportation system.
Questions:
1. According to the article, which of the following is one of the main reasons for Beijing's traffic congestion? A. Insufficient total length of rail transit network B. Short mileage of dedicated bus lanes C. Rapid growth in the number of motor vehicles D. High proportion of public transportation trips
2. In 2019, what was the proportion of car trips in Beijing's central urban area? A. 80% B. 65% C. 38.9% D. 34.8%
3. When did Beijing begin to implement the "Eight Articles" traffic new policy? A. 2018 B. 2019 C. 2020 D. 2022
4. According to the plan, by 2022, what proportion should public transportation in motorized travel in Beijing reach? A. More than 50% B. More than 60% C. More than 65% D. More than 70%
5. As of the end of 2019, what percentage of the country's total new energy vehicles did Beijing's new energy vehicles account for? A. 5% B. 8% C. 12% D. 15%
6. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. Beijing's traffic congestion problem has been fundamentally alleviated. B. The proportion of public transportation trips in Beijing's central urban area is higher than the proportion of car trips. C. Beijing has realized real-time monitoring of more than 90% of the city's roads. D. Relying solely on government investment and policy regulation can fundamentally solve urban traffic problems.
7. The passage suggests that to build a sustainable urban transportation system, which of the following is NOT an indispensable link? A. Improving citizens' awareness of traffic rules B. Optimizing urban planning and layout C. Improving public service supporting facilities D. Increasing the number of private cars
8. What can be inferred from the passage about the development of new energy vehicles in Beijing? A. The development of new energy vehicles in Beijing is relatively slow compared to other cities in China. B. Beijing has the largest number of new energy vehicles in China. C. The development of new energy vehicles in Beijing has little impact on alleviating traffic congestion. D. The government's support for new energy vehicles is the main reason for the rapid growth of new energy vehicles in Beijing.
1. C. 汽车数量的快速增长 文章指出：“汽车数量的快速增长是交通拥堵的主要原因之一。” 2. D. 34.8% 文章直接提到：“2019年，北京市中心城区的汽车出行比例高达34.8%。” 3. A. 2018 文章提到：“2018年，北京开始实施‘八条’交通新政。” 4. C. 超过65% 根据文章，“到2022年，北京的机动车出行中，公共交通的比例应该达到65%以上。” 5. C. 12% 文章提到：“截至2019年底，北京的新能源汽车数量达到40.9万辆，占全国新能源汽车总量的12%。” 6. C. 北京实现了对全市90%以上道路的实时监控。 文章提到北京建立了城市交通信息采集网络，“实现了对全市90%以上道路的实时监控。” 7. D. 增加私家车数量 文章暗示，提高市民交通规则意识、优化城市规划布局、改善公共服务配套设施是构建可持续城市交通系统不可或缺的环节。增加私家车数量未提及，甚至可能加剧交通拥堵。 8. B. 北京拥有中国最多的新能源汽车。 文章提到：“截至2019年底，北京的新能源汽车数量达到40.9万辆，占全国新能源汽车总量的12%，位居全国首位。”
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发表于 2024-3-19 10:29:17
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