The Kuwaiti oil-well fires, unlike the nuclear accident at Chernobyl, turned out not to be as serious an ecological disaster as was at first feared.
From which of the following statements can the statement above be properly inferred?
A) The Kuwaiti fires' ecological impact was more limited than had been expected. The Chernobyl accident, however, was not taken seriously enough at first, and its baleful effects continue to outstrip most predictions.
B) The Kuwaiti oil-well fires, though serious enough in ecological terms, have not had any widespread impact on the global ecology.
C) The Kuwaiti oil-well fires involved the combustion of no carcinogenic materials. The Chernobyl accident released radio-active debris which has an extremely long half-life and are carcinogenic
D) The effects of the Chernobyl accident will be felt in the world for thousands of years to come, while most of the ecological damage done by the Kuwaiti oil-well fires has already been pretty well dissipated.
E) The dire predictions of ecological catastrophe which were made about the fires in the Kuwaiti oil-fields have not been borne out in the subsequent course of events.
You need to be careful about the direction of the inference. The question asks about inferring the initial statement from one of the alternatives, not vice versa. To be a proper inference, the conclusion must be inferred from something, which contains, in some way or other, all of the information, which the conclusion contains. (A) Does contain all of that information, and in a fairly open way. So the inference from (A) to the initial statement is proper. (A) Also contains some additional information, so the inference in the other direction would not be proper. None of the other alternatives contain all of the information in the initial statement. (Note that the initial statement asserts that some ecological effects were, or were not, as bad as initially expected.) If the question had asked for an inference in the opposite direction, then (E) would have been correct. (B), (C), and (D) are not correct, since all of them contain information that cannot be found in the initial statement.
我的问题是:就是一个unlike,能够代表A中表示的所有意思吗? |