【Hudson】每日逻辑练习分析

分析流程：确定结论，捋逻辑链，预判方向，分析选项，对照OG ,题目分类，其他总结（出类似的题）

---那有没有可能在结论出题？头盔升级保护太阳穴，accident就会减少，那答案就是升级头盔，能保护太阳穴，有效减少脑震荡。那前面的那么多推理不都是废话了？

【分析选项】

太阳穴导致脑震荡，因为：T区的头骨脆弱，对T的伤害很容易造成大脑受伤。  正确原因：支持了P2，Blow 对T 确实有伤害。

This statement provides a reason why the temple area of the rider's head needs protection: impacts to this area are very likely to cause brain injuries.

太阳穴导致脑震荡，因为：挨摔的时候自行车手用胳膊保护自己，减小了T区受伤的可能。无法解释P2； 如果是针对结论出题，也错：可能不等于一定。如果只减少0.0001%，说明保护还是需要的。支持如果90%减少，就削弱了，既然手能保护，头盔保护T就没那么必要了。 就不一定了。

【7.31】OG13-MBT分析 10题

1可能对可能不对

2夸张 ： 数量、频率、可能性、程度 a high degree/ unanimity、范围(时间、举例、带下)

3 新信息

4 反观点

5 因果倒置

6 偷换概念-要仔细读每个形容词，尤其看着很舒服的句子

7 错误否定，吃药能让身体好， 不吃药让身体坏就是错的。有其他方式让身体好。

【】26. 1 When a polygraph test is judged inconclusive, this is no reflection on the examinee. 2 Rather, such a judgment means that the test has failed to show whether the examinee was truthful or untruthful. 3 Nevertheless, employers will sometimes refuse to hire a job applicant because of an inconclusive polygraph test result.

1.Fact Sets/ argument分析：

FS

p1: inconclusive polytest ----> no reflection

P2: such judgment(inconclusive polytest) ----> not sure examinee truthful or untruthful?

P3:  ^ employers sometimes don’t hire <----inconclusive ploy-test

P1+p2+p3: Untruthful may be hired; truthful may not be hired

3. 正确答案及根据：C p2+p3: truthful sometimes was refused

(C) An inconclusive polygraph test result is sometimes unfairly held against the examinee.

4.错误选项关键词+错误类型：

Which of the following conclusions can most properly be drawn from the information above?

(A) Most examinees with inconclusive polygraph test results are in fact untruthful.

(B) Polygraph tests should not be used by employers in the consideration of job applicants.

(D) A polygraph test indicating that an examinee is untruthful can sometimes be mistaken.

(E) Some employers have refused to consider the results of polygraph tests when evaluating job applicants.

5. 【其他】P2的rather表解释, such a judgement是指代，所以P1就是废话

P3的nevertheless，强调，出现考点！

38. Which of the following best completes the passage below?

1 When the products of several competing suppliers are perceived by consumers to be essentially the same, classical economics predicts that price competition will reduce prices to the same minimal levels and all suppliers’ profits to the same minimal levels.

2 Therefore, if classical economics is true, and given suppliers’ desire to make as much profit as possible, it should be expected that_____.

1.Fact Sets/ argument分析：

argument

2.OF、CP分析：被动变主动

cnsmr perceive prdcts the same --> $ compt reduce prft same level

3.正确答案及根据：

Suppliers make as much profit as possible,怎么做？ 被认为相同就不赚钱，那就不让认为相同。

(C) each supplier in a crowded market will try to convince consumers that its product differs significantly from its competitors’ products. 根据 P1

4.错误选项关键词+错误类型：

(A) in a crowded market widely differing prices will be charged for products that are essentially the same as each other 反

(B) as a market becomes less crowded as suppliers leave, the profits of the remaining suppliers will tend to decrease   新信息！讨论 less crowded和 crowded 不是一个东西！

(D) when consumers are unable to distinguish（=essentially the same） the products in a crowded market, consumers will judge that the higher-priced products are of higher quality 反！看不出来，价格就都低！

(E) suppliers in crowded markets will have more incentive to reduce prices and thus increase sales than to introduce innovations that would distinguish their product from their competitors’ products 新信息！

5.其他：

提问方式，therefore后是结论，推断题。

Classical economics predicts that放在了句中，要理解整句都是他的观点。

OG：essentially the same 是重点！

1 The fewer restrictions there are on the advertising of legal services, the more lawyers there are who advertise their services,

2 and the lawyers who advertise a specific service usually charge less for that service than the lawyers who do not advertise.

3 Therefore, if the state removes any of its current restrictions, such as the one against advertisements that do not specify fee arrangements, overall consumer legal costs will be lower than if the state retains its current restrictions.

1.Fact Sets/ argument分析：

A, therefore

2.OF、CP分析：

1-OA: ad-rstriction\  lawyers(ad service)/

2-P: service$ ad usually < service$ don’t ad

3-C: remove any restriction eg: forbid specifying fee -> cnsmr lgl cost < former

1+2->3

3. 正确答案及根据：p1+c

(C) If the restriction against advertisements that do not specify fee arrangements is removed, more lawyers will advertise their services. 对，paraphrase

4.错误选项关键词+错误类型：

(A) Some lawyers who now advertise will charge more for specific services if they do not have to specify fee arrangements in the advertisements. 错误原因：可能对，usually！ P2

(B) More consumers will use legal services if there are fewer restrictions on the advertising of legal services.  新信息，不一定对，人太多，cost就上升了！ C

(D) If more lawyers advertise lower prices for specific services, some lawyers who do not advertise will also charge less than they currently charge for those services. 新信息-范围外的人

(E) If the only restrictions on the advertising of legal services were those that apply to every type of advertising, most lawyers would advertise their services. 夸张-p1

没人说去掉很多限制，律师就都打广告。只是说上升！

5.其他：

1.usually 频率词！小心(数频可程范)

2.出现举例小心，逻辑这么精简，一定有用！

1 Neither a rising standard of living nor balanced trade, by itself, establishes a country’s ability to compete in the international marketplace.

2 Both are required simultaneously

3 since standards of living can rise because of growing trade deficits and trade can be balanced by means of a decline in a country’s standard of living.

1.Fact Sets/ argument分析：

Argument:

2.OF、CP分析：

OA-SC: living or trade  X->  ability of a country

OA-C: living+trade=ability

SC-P: living/ trade\ or trade/ live\

3-->1  1-->2

3.正确答案及根据：

If the facts stated in the passage above are true, a proper test of a country’s ability to be competitive is its ability to

预判：只要整体增强就对。 A(A) balance its trade while its standard of living rises

根据: p2+p3:ability是整体实力，单个增长可能被平衡。

4.错误选项关键词+错误类型：

(B) balance its trade while its standard of living falls B/ L\ 可能对

(C) increase trade deficits while its standard of living rises b\ L/ 可能对

(D) decrease trade deficits while its standard of living falls b/ L\ 可能对

(E) keep its standard of living constant while trade deficits rise L- B\ 反

5.其他：

难点，把第一句的支持论据放在了结论后

1 To protect certain fledgling industries, the government of Country Z banned imports of the types of products those industries were starting to make.

2 As a direct result, the cost of those products to the buyers, several export-dependent industries in Z, went up, sharply limiting the ability of those industries to compete effectively in their export markets.

【Fact Sets/ argument分析】

Fs-为了目标，措施影响了其他事情

【OF、CP分析】

1. Z banned import of A -> protect domestic industry

2. A $↑ ->  limit the ability of Z-exp-depen I compete

【正确答案+根据】

(A) Profit margins in those industries were not high enough to absorb the rise in costs mentioned above.  P2 成本高，竞争力就不行了

【错误选项关键词+错误类型】

Which of the following conclusions about Country Z’s adversely affected export-dependent industries is best supported by the passage?

(B) Those industries had to contend with the fact that other countries banned imports from Country Z. 新信息

(C) Those industries succeeded in expanding the domestic market for their products.

(D) Steps to offset rising materials costs by decreasing labor costs were taken in those industries.

(E) Those industries started to move into export markets that they had previously judged unprofitable.

74.

1 Using broad-spectrum weed killers on weeds that are competing with crops for sunlight, water, and nutrients presents a difficulty: how to keep the crop from being killed along with the weeds.

2 For at least some food crops, specially treated seed that produces plants resistant to weed killers is under development.

3 This resistance wears off as the plants mature.

4 Therefore, the special seed treatment will be especially useful for plants that ———— .

【Fact Sets/ argument分析】

FS

【OF、CP分析】

1 Problem: keep crop from being killed

2 解决方案：P1: some crop, seed(treated to resist weed killer) is underdevelopment

3 P2:resist until mature

【正确答案+根据】

P1+p2= some crop can resist until mature, 那mature了咋办？

用除草剂遇到了一个问题，怎么杀草不伤庄稼？- 方法：处理种子，但防御杀草剂只能保持到成熟。这种方法只特别适用植物。。。处理种子后，既能享受杀草剂的好处，又不受伤害。

(C) provide, as they approach maturity, shade dense enough to keep weeds from growing

根据：1+2+3

【错误选项关键词+错误类型】

(A) produce their crop over an extended period of time, as summer squash does 时间无关

(B) produce large seeds that are easy to treat individually, as corn and beans do 单独处理无关

(D) are typically grown in large tracts devoted to a single crop 种在哪里无关！

(E) are cultivated specifically for the seed they produce rather than for their leaves or roots 无关

【其他】

措施目的题：

目的

A kill B, A don’t kill C;

+ if there is B.

条件：

1 A kill b and c ;

2 X protect c till mature;

3 ? sth can protect c from mature.（不可以，因为没有保护功能了） Or  sth can exile B since c is mature.

91. Environmentalist:

1The commissioner of the Fish and Game Authority would have the public believe that increases in the number of marine fish caught demonstrate that this resource is no longer endangered.

2This is a specious argument,

3as unsound as it would be to assert that the ever-increasing rate at which rain forests are being cut down demonstrates a lack of danger to that resource.

4The real cause of the increased fish-catch is a greater efficiency in using technologies that deplete resources.

【Fact Sets/ argument分析】

A

【OF、CP分析】

1 oe-cp F： fishcaught / -> source ++

2 Oa-C:  specious argument

3 Oa-p1  as unsound as tree cut down/  tree ++

4 Oa-sc-p  tech/ fish caught/

1写出来，为了引出自己反驳和观点

3+4->2

【正确答案+根据】

The environmentalist’s statements, if true, best support which of the following as a conclusion?

(E) Marine fish continue to be an endangered resource. 对！ 1+2

【错误选项关键词+错误类型】

(A) The use of technology is the reason for the increasing encroachment of people on nature.

Shell game!!! 差点懵逼了！增加的捕捉和更高的对环境的入侵没说！

(B) It is possible to determine how many fish are in the sea in some way other than by catching fish. 新信息

(C) The proportion of marine fish that are caught is as high as the proportion of rain forest trees that are cut down each year. 新信息

(D) Modern technologies waste resources by catching inedible fish.  新信息，现实的诱惑！

【其他】

Shell game很阴险，increasing encroachment，熟悉的段落+不熟悉的词汇，基本就是shell game. 名词概念必须对等！

103.

1 For a trade embargo against a particular country to succeed, a high degree of both international accord and ability to prevent goods from entering or leaving that country must be sustained.

2 A total blockade of Patria’s ports is necessary to an embargo, but such an action would be likely to cause international discord over the embargo.

【Fact Sets/ argument分析】

FS

【OF、CP分析】

1 Inter- accord + ability to restrict goods -> succeed a trade embargo

2 blockade(embargo)--> inter- discord

两者都需要才能成功，两者相互矛盾，所以不能成功。

【正确答案+根据】

The claims above, if true, most strongly support which of the following conclusions?

(D) Any trade embargo against Patria would be likely to（可能性对） fail at some time. 1+2

【错误选项关键词+错误类型】

(A) The balance of opinion is likely to favor Patria in the event of a blockade. 新信息

(B) As long as international opinion is unanimously against Patria, a trade embargo is likely to succeed. 违背条件1

(C) A naval blockade of Patria’s ports would ensure that no goods enter or leave Patria. Shell game，新信息！

(E) For a blockade of Patria’s ports to be successful, international opinion must be unanimous. 夸张了，极端词汇，上面说的high degree of

【其他】

C挺诱惑的，谈的是ability to prevent，而不是什么能保证封锁

E must be ≠ a high degree of

2句中的but对比！

104. heater Critic:

1 The play La Finestrina, now at Central Theater, was written in Italy in the eighteenth century.

2 The director claims that this production is as similar to the original production as is possible in a modern theater.

3 Although the actor who plays Harlequin the clown gives a performance very reminiscent of the twentieth-century American comedian Groucho Marx, Marx’s comic style was very much within the comic acting tradition that had begun in sixteenth-century Italy.

【Fact Sets/ argument分析】

Argument

【OF、CP分析】

1 P1: LF- italy 18c

2 C: production will as similar as origin as possible

3 P2: actor=20c GM: M comic style = 16c Italy

1+3 -> 2

【正确答案+根据】

The considerations(观点) given best serve as part of an argument that

(D) the performance of the actor who plays Harlequin in La Finestrina does not serve as evidence against the director’s claim  ; does not serve as evidence against= serve as evidence of

【错误选项关键词+错误类型】

(A) modern audiences would find it hard to tolerate certain characteristics of a historically accurate performance of an eighteenth-century play 新消息

(B) Groucho Marx once performed the part of the character Harlequin in La Finestrina 新信息

(C) in the United States the training of actors in the twentieth century is based on principles that do not differ radically from those that underlay the training of actors in eighteenth-century Italy

夸张，范围扩大，GM一个人变成20世纪全部演员- training 没说！

(E) the director of La Finestrina must have advised the actor who plays Harlequin to model his performance on comic performances of Groucho Marx 可能对，但可能不对！

没人说！

【其他】

Considerations given serve as part of an argument that---  由上推下

范围变化C，GM-》20c actors，其实没说training的事儿！

E相似，不代表刻意去学过那个人

105.

1 The cost of producing radios in Country Q is 10 percent less than the cost of producing radios in Country Y.

2 Even after transportation fees and tariff charges are added, it is still cheaper for a company to import radios from Country Q to Country Y than to produce radios in Country Y.

【Fact Sets/ argument分析】

FS

【OF、CP分析】

1 Q cost of r = 0.9 * Y cost of r

2 Q cost of r + trans fee +tariff  < Y cost of r

所以 tf + tar < 0.1 cost of y

【正确答案+根据】

The statements above, if true, best support which of the following assertions?

(C) The tariff on a radio imported from Country Q to Country Y is less than 10 percent of the cost of manufacturing the radio in Country Y.

【错误选项关键词+错误类型】

(A) Labor costs in Country Q are 10 percent below those in Country Y. 新信息

(B) Importing radios from Country Q to Country Y will eliminate 10 percent of the manufacturing jobs in Country Y.   jobs！ Shell game！ 新信息

(D) The fee for transporting a radio from Country Q to Country Y is more than 10 percent of the cost of manufacturing the radio in Country Q. 相反！

(E) It takes 10 percent less time to manufacture a radio in Country Q than it does in Country Y.新信息