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1. Of all of the surgeons practicing at the city hospital, the chief surgeon has the worst record in terms of the percentage of his patients who die either during or immediately following an operation performed by him. Paradoxically, the hospital’s administrators claim that he is the best surgeon currently working at the hospital.

Which one of the following, if true, goes farthest toward showing that the administrators’ claim and the statistic cited might both be correct?

(A) Since the hospital administrators appoint the chief surgeon, the administrators are strongly motivated to depict the chief surgeon they have chosen as a wise choice.

(B) In appointing the current chief surgeon, the hospital administrators followed the practice, well established at the city hospital, of promoting one of the surgeons already on staff.

(C) Some of the younger surgeons on the city hospital’s staff received part of their training from the current chief surgeon.

(D) At the city hospital those operations that inherently entail the greatest risk to the life of the patient are generally performed by the chief surgeon.

(E) The current chief surgeon has a better record of patients’ surviving surgery than did his immediate predecessor.

the key is D.but my question is why A is wrong?

If A can explain the paradox, then it would tolerate the possibility that the administrator could tell the lie, that is to say, the chief surgeon is actually not qualified for his status quo.