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请问这篇是蚂蚁巢穴的原文吗~~
Termite Mounds
Turner’s topic, “New Concepts in Termite-Inspired Design,” presented the results of years of research into the structure of termite mounds in Namibia, including an extraordinary effort to fill a mound’s tunnels with plaster and then slice off millimeter-thick layers to create a cross-sectional map of the insides.
（1）Turner’s work debunked揭穿...的真相 some 50-year-old assertions that termite mounds’ complex tunnel structure works to circulate air in an orderly manner from a nest chamber low in the mound, up a central chimney away from the nest, and, as the air cools, down small outer tunnels to the bottom of the nest. That understanding of termite mound function has already inspired human architecture —including a building in Zimbabwe designed without air conditioning that instead uses wind energy and heat-storing materials to maintain a moderate temperature. The only problem with these sorts of termite-inspired designs, Turner said, is that his studies show that the mounds actually don’t work that way.
Deploying temperature and humidity gauges, and armed with tracer gases, Turner found that a termite mound does not regulate interior temperature. The temperature inside the mound was not appreciably different from that of the surrounding ground, rising during some parts of the year and then falling. In addition, he found that the air in the nest didn’t really circulate. Instead, it was stable, with cooler air in the nest low in the mound and hotter air in the mound’s upper portions and chimney.
（2）The same fluctuation wasn’t found with humidity, which was maintained at roughly 80 percent year-round. But it isn’t the mound or its design that does that job, Turner said. Instead, termites actively move water within and out of the mound as they transport water-soaked earth. In addition, the symbiotic fungi that live in the mound with the termites also help to regulate humidity. The fungi, which help the termites digest tough cellulose消化坚硬的纤维 in the plant material the insects bring into the nest, form complex, folded bodies that absorb excess humidity during wet months and release water during dry months, Turner said. This helps to maintain a stable humidity, dry enough to keep moisture-loving fungal 喜好湿气的真菌competitors at bay.“They actively regulate nest moisture, but not through design of the mound,” Turner said.
以上将的是T这个人的观点，首先
（1）揭露了一个以前的认定：mound并没有调节气温的功能，并且nest内的气体并不流通（以前认为mound 的结构有调节气温的功能所以很多建筑模仿这种设计）——用配备温度计和湿度计的实验来支持T自己的观点
（2）指出nest内湿度的变化并不是由于mound这种建筑设计结构造成的而是有别的原因
（3）So, if the mound itself doesn’t regulate heat or humidity, Turner and his collaborators wondered, what does the elaborate branching system of tunnels复杂的隧道分支系统 do?
The answer came on further investigation, when researchers found that the tunnels work as an air exchange system. 接下来讲工作原理The smaller tunnels on the mound’s surface, used by workers to move in and out of the mound, also serve to mute the gusty减弱风力, turbulent air 紊流空气outside the mound. Those high-energy gusty breezes are blocked in the surface tunnels, allowing more gentle air movements to penetrate the mound in a pulsing, in-and-out process akin to类似于 a breathing human lung. Through this process, fresh air is exchanged into the deepest part of the mound, “sloshing” in and out in a tidal movement that refreshes the mound’s air.
“We think these mounds are quite efficient manipulators of transient energy in turbulent wind,” Turner said. “That’s how the mound breathes.”
以上指出了这种elaborate branching system of tunnels真正的作用：
作为nest内外空气流动的调节器，呼吸机——并指出它的进化过程
That in-and-out sloshing, Turner said, provides a model for building design. Though most people would refuse to live in a building resembling a termite mound, the tunnel structure could be replicated in building materials used in exterior surfaces, saving energy through passive air exchange systems in everyday, ordinary buildings.
“There might be some really interesting architectural opportunities,” Turner said.
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发表于 2014-9-4 22:03:45
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