12,Beverage company representative: the plastic rings that hold six-packs of beverage cans together pose a threat to wild animals, which often become entangled in the discarded rings and suffocate as a result. Following our lead, all beverage companies will soon use only those ring consisting of a new plastic that disintegrates after only three . days' exposure to sunlight. Once we all complete the switchover from the old to the new plastic rings, therefoe, the threat of suffocation that plastic rings pose to wild animals will be eliminated.
Which one of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the representative's argument?
(A) The switchover to the new plastic rings will take at least two more years to complete
(B) After the beverage companies have switched over to the new plastic rings, a substantial number of the old plastic rings will persist in most aquatic and woodland environments
(C) The new plastic rings are slightly less expensive than the old rings
(D) The new plastic rings rarely disintegrate during shipping of beverage six-packs because most trucks that transport canned beverages protect their cargo from sunlight
(E) The new plastic rings disintegrate into substances that are harmful to aquatic animals when ingested in substantial quantities by them
答案:B,我选了E
22. In a survey of consumers in an Eastern European nation, respondents were asked two questions about each of 400 famous Western brands: whether or not they recognized the brand name and whether or not they thought the products bearing that name were of high quality. The results of the survey were a rating and corresponding rank order for each brand based on recognition, and a second rating-plus-ranking based on approval. The brands ranked in the top 27 for recognition were those actually available in that nation. The approval rankings of these 27 brands often differed sharply from their recognition rankings. By contrast, most of the other brands had ratings, and thus rankings, that were essentially the same for recognition as for approval
Which one of the following, if each is a principle about consumer surveys, is violated by the survey described?
(A) Never ask all respondents a question if it cannot reasonably be answered by respondents who make a particular response to another question in the same survey
(B) Never ask a question that is likely to generate a large variety of responses that are difficult to group into a manageable number of categories
(C) Never ask all respondents a question that respondents cannot answer without giving up their anonymity
(D) It is better to ask the same question about ten different products than to ask ten different questions about a single product
(E) It is best to ask questions that a respondent can answer without fear of having gotten the answer wrong
第一题是削弱题，找到argumentation的前提和结论：前提：（1）ring suffocate-->death of bird(2) new ring disintegrates -->never suffocate again. 这里的关键点在于suffocate的危险。 所以答案要说suffocate的危险仍然存在。答案E是迷惑项，虽然也是致死的原因，但却不是直接反驳author.注意题目是most seriously ,所以尽量选直接的。 第二题抽象出来，就是接受调查者的对相同问题的反应不一致。这就是出题点。答案中体现这一点的只有A.
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发表于 2003-6-24 16:59:00
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