TEST-1 3，18，1

18.   Critics of sales seminars run by outside consultants point out that since 1987, revenues of vacuum cleaner companies whose employees attended consultant-led seminars were lower than revenues of vacuum cleaner companies whose employees did not attend such seminars. The critics charge that for vacuum cleaner companies, the sales seminars are ill conceived and a waste of money.

Which of the following, if true, is the most effective challenge to the critics of sales seminars?

(A) Those vacuum cleaner companies whose sales were highest prior to 1987 are the only companies that did not send employees to the seminars.

(B) Vacuum cleaner companies that have sent employees to sales seminars since 1987 experienced a greater drop in sales than they had prior to 1987.（他因）

(C) The cost of vacuum cleaner sales seminars run by outside consultants has risen dramatically since 1987.

(D) The poor design of vacuum cleaner sales seminars is not the only reason for their ineffectiveness.（A）

(E) Since 1987, sales of vacuum cleaners have risen twenty percent.

我认为第一个答案是支持选项？

1.    A mail order company recently had a big jump in clothing sales after hiring a copywriter and a graphic artist to give its clothing catalog a magazinelike format designed to appeal to a more upscale clientele. The company is now planning to launch a housewares catalog using the same concept.

The company’s plan assumes that

(A) other housewares catalogs with magazinelike formats do not already exist

(B) an upscale clientele would be interested in a housewares catalog

(C) the same copywriter and graphic artist could be employed for both the clothing and housewares catalogs

(D) a magazinelike format requires a copywriter and a graphic artist（B）

(E) customers to whom the old clothing catalog appealed would continue to make purchases from catalogs with the new format

我认为clothing catalog a magazinelike format才是重点，catalog不应是重点？

3.    Economies in which a high percentage of resources are invested in research and development show greater growth in the long run than do those in which resources are channeled into consumption. Japanese workers spend a higher percentage of their income investing in research and development than do American workers.

To grow as fast as Japan has in the past three decades, the United States must change the tax code in order to encourage savings and investment and discourage debt.

Which of the following, if true, tends to weaken the argument?

(A) Japanese research is more focused on consumers than is research by American firms.

(B) Class mobility, highly valued in American culture, is encouraged by a growing rather than a stagnant economy.

(C) Studies have shown that countries with high consumption rates prosper in the short run.

(D) Proposed changes to the tax code could involve strict limits on the deductability of interest, and increased allowance for research.（E）

(E) Because a decreasing percentage of the United States is under 40, an age when savings are traditionally low, the savings rate will increase without changes to the tax code.

最后一个答案是标准的有A有B，然后非A有B，第四个答案为什么不对？我后来认为strict limits on the deductability of interest, and increased allowance for research.并没有否定encourage savings and investment and discourage debt.的作用，不算是一个彻底的削弱？（E）