10. Lydia: Each year, thousands of seabirds are injured when they become entangled in equipment owned by fishing companies. Therefore, the fishing companies should assume responsibility for funding veterinary treatment for the injured birds.
Jonathan: Your feelings for the birds are admirable. Your proposal, however, should not be adopted because treatment of the most seriously injured birds would inhumanely prolong the lives of animals no longer able to live in the wild, as all wildlife should.
Jonathan uses which one of the following techniques in his response to Lydia?
(A) He directs a personal attack against her rather than addressing the argument she advances.
(B) He suggests that her proposal is based on self-interest rather than on real sympathy for the injured birds.
(C) He questions the appropriateness of interfering with wildlife in any way, even if the goal of the interference is to help.
(D) He attempts to discredit her proposal by discussing its implications for only those birds that it serves least well.
(E) He evades discussion of her proposal by raising the issue of whether her feelings about the birds are justified.
答案：D，我选了C，C为何不对呢？
11. Logging industry official: Harvesting trees from old-growth forests for use in manufacture can reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, since when large old trees die in the forest they decompose., releasing their stored carbon dioxide. Harvesting old-growth forests would, moreover, make room for rapidly growing young trees, which absorb more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere than do trees in old-growth forests.
Which one of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the official's argument?
(A) Many old-growth forests are the home of thousands of animal species that would be endangered if the forests were to be destroyed.
(B) Much of the organic matter from old-growth trees, unusable as lumber, is made into products that decompose rapidly.
(C) A young tree contains less than half the amount of carbon dioxide that is stored in an old tree of the same species.
(D) Much of the carbon dioxide present in forests is eventually released when wood and other organic debris found on the forest floor decompose.
(E) It can take many years for the trees of a newly planted forest to reach the size of those found in existing old-growth forests.
1. You need to understand the passage, instead of using your own reasoning. J never question the interference with wildlife. From his argument you can see that his point is that treated bird will not live in the wild any more and thus the treatment is inhumane. In another word, if the treatment can make the birds live in the wild, it might be humane and adopted. So interference is not the problem here.
You really need to understand the meaning of premises and conclusion correctly before you do the problem
2. Discussed before. In short, the conclusion is that the lumber from old-growth wood will stop it from decomposing and releasing CD to the atmosphere. B states that it is not true, and it will still decompose and release CD.
D is not right. It somehow support the argument. If all the woods on the floor will decompose and release CD, those old-growth woods should be harvested and used, instead of be left to die and decompose.
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发表于 2003-6-14 14:14:00
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